When you are learning these signs, you may find it helpful to try some of the methods suggested on the Tips for Learning page. Before you try the exercises, you may like to look at the Akkadian language page on sentence structure. The solutions to the exercises are all on a separate Answers page.
Signs to learn
Sign values that you will need for the Texts to read exercises are shown in bold.
Cuneiform sign |
Syllabic values |
Logographic values |
๐ |
as, aแนฃ, az |
|
๐ |
be, bad, bat, baแนญ |
|
๐ |
bar, par2 |
|
๐ |
bi, be2, pi2, pe2 |
KAŠ = šikarum, "beer" |
๐ฉ |
ha |
KU6 = nลซnum, "fish"
ku6 = determinative after names of fish |
๐บ |
pa |
UGULA = waklum, "overseer"
GIDRU = haแนญแนญum, "sceptre" |
๐ |
ri, re; dal, tal |
|
๐ |
ru, šub |
|
๐ณ |
šum |
|
๐
|
แนญu |
|
๐ |
um |
|
๐จ |
ur, taš, lik |
UR = kalbum, "dog" |
๐ฉ๐ณ |
|
GEME2 = amtum, "slave woman, servant woman" |
๐ฉ๐ |
|
NIN = bฤltum, "lady"
|
Phrases to read
Transliterate, normalise, and translate these words and phrases.
- ๐ฟ ๐พ ๐ท ๐ ๐ฒ ๐
- ๐ ๐พ ๐พ ๐ ๐ ๐
- ๐ฟ ๐พ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐ญ ๐ ๐ ๐
- ๐ ๐พ ๐ญ ๐ ๐
๐ ๐ ๐
- ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐ฉ ๐ ๐ด
- ๐
๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ญ ๐
๐
๐
- ๐
๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ญ ๐ ๐พ ๐ฝ ๐ธ ๐
๐
- ๐ฝ ๐ญ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐
๐
๐
- ๐ฝ ๐ญ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐ธ ๐
๐
- ๐ฝ ๐ญ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐ธ ๐
๐
- ๐ฉ๐ณ ๐ ๐ฟ ๐
๐ฌ ๐ ๐ฟ ๐พ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ญ ๐
๐ช ๐ฆ
- ๐ธ ๐ญ ๐ ๐ ๐ฟ ๐
๐ฌ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ด ๐ญ ๐ ๐ฒ ๐
๐ ๐
๐ซ ๐ฒ
- ๐ ๐ฟ ๐ ๐ฌ ๐ ๐
๐ช ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ธ ๐ญ ๐พ ๐ ๐ ๐ซ ๐ฒ ๐
- ๐ฉ๐ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐
๐
๐จ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐ญ ๐
๐ซ ๐
- ๐ ๐ฟ ๐ ๐ฉ๐ณ ๐ญ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐
๐ฉ ๐
- ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐ญ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐
๐ ๐ฒ ๐ก ๐ธ ๐
๐จ
- ๐ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐ ๐
๐
๐จ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ต ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ญ ๐บ ๐ ๐
๐ ๐ซ ๐ฒ๐
- ๐ฉ ๐ญ ๐
๐ ๐บ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ฉ๐ ๐ญ ๐
๐
๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ฉ๐ณ ๐ญ ๐ ๐พ ๐ญ ๐บ ๐ ๐
๐ ๐ฒ ๐
- ๐ณ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ฟ ๐พ ๐ฒ ๐
- ๐ณ ๐ ๐ต ๐ ๐ฟ ๐
๐ฌ ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ท ๐ ๐ฒ ๐
๐ ๐ฟ ๐ ๐ต ๐ ๐ ๐พ ๐ฟ ๐ ๐ฉ ๐
Extra vocabulary
- mahฤแนฃum, "to beat, to hit" (a/a)
- ša, "which, who, whom, whose", etc.
- šapฤrum, "to send (a letter)" (a/u)
- šaqฤlum, "to weigh out, to pay out" (a/u)
- šaแนญฤrum, "to write" (a/u)
- šumma, "if"
- แนญuppum, "clay tablet, letter"
Content last modified on 22 Dec 2012.
Eleanor Robson, 'Cuneiform exercises 4', Knowledge and Power, Higher Education Academy, 2012 [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/knpp/CuneiformRevealed/Learningsigns/Cuneiformexercises/Exercise4/]