2. Fall of Nineveh Chronicle

(Grayson, Chronicles pp. 90–96 no. 3; Glassner, Chronicles pp. 218–225 no. 22; Glassner, Chroniques2 pp. 280–284 no. 44; RINAP 5/3 pp. 43–46)

1–2) The tenth year of Nabopolassar (616): In the month Ayyāru (II), he mustered the troops of Akkad and marched along the bank of the Euphrates River. Moreover, the Sūḫeans (and) Ḫindāneans did not do battle against him, (but) placed their possessions before him.

3–6a) In the month Abu (V), the troops of Assyria assembled in the city Gablīni[[149]] and Nabopolassar went up against them. Then, on the twelfth day of the month Abu (V), he did battle against the troops of Assyria and the troops of Assyria retreated before him. He then inflicted a major defeat upon Assyria (and) took many of them as prisoners. He captured the Manneans, who had come to their aid, and the officials of Assyria. On that (very) day, he (also) took the city Gablīni.

6b–8a) Also in the month Abu (V), the king of Akkad (and) his troops w[en]t up to the cities Manê, Saḫiri, and Balīḫu [a]nd took them as the spoils of war. They carried off much of their booty (and) abducted their gods.

8b–9) In the month Ulūlu (VI), the king of Akkad and his troops returned and, on his way, he took (the people of) the city Ḫindānu and its gods to Babylon.

10–11a) In the month Tašrītu (VII), the troops of Egypt and the troops of Assyria pursued the king of Akkad as far as the city [G]ablīni, but they did not overtake the king of Akkad (and so) they withdrew.

11b–15) In the month Addaru (XII), the troops of Assyria and the troops of Akkad did battle against one another at the city Madānu, which (is in the territory of) the city Arrapḫa, and the troops of Assyria retreated before the troops of Akkad. They (the troops of Akkad) inflicted a major defeat upon them (the Assyrian troops) (and) they drove them to the (Lower) Zab. They captured [t]heir char[iots] and their horses (and) took many of them as prisoners. They made many of their (text: its) [...] cross the Tigris River with them and ushered (them) into Babylon.

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16–18) [The eleventh year (615): The king of] Akkad mustered his troops and marched along the bank of the Tigris River. Then, in the month Ayyāru (II), he encamped against Baltil (Aššur). [On the ...th day] of the month Simānu (III), he did battle against the city, but he did not take the city. The king of Assyria mustered his troops, pushed the king of Akkad back from Baltil (Aššur), and pursued him as far as the city Tagritaʾin, [a city] on the (west) bank of the Tigris River.[[150]]

19–22) The king of Akkad posted his troops as a garrison in the fortress of the city Tagritaʾin. The king of Assyria and his troops encamped against the troops of the king of Akkad who had been posted in the city Tagritaʾin. Then, for ten days, they did battle against them, but he (the king of Assyria) did not take the city. The troops of the king of Akkad, who had been posted in the fortress, inflicted a major defeat upon Assyria. [They pushed] the king of Assyria and his troops [back] and he (the king of Assyria) returned to his land.

23) In the month Araḫsamna (VIII), the Medes went down to the city Arrapḫa and [...] ... [...].

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24–27) The twelfth year (614): In the month Abu (V), when the Medes [had set out] against Nineveh, [the king of Assyria and his troops] speedily came [to its aid], but (nevertheless) they took Tarbiṣu, a city in the province of Nineveh. [...] they (the Medes) went along [the Ti]gris [River] and encamped against Baltil (Aššur). They did battle against the city and [...] destroyed [...]. They inflicted a terrible defeat upon a great people. He took it (Baltil) as the spoils of war (and) [carried off its] bo[oty].

28–30) [The king of A]kkad and his troops, who had gone to help the Medes, did not arrive (in time for) the battle. [When] the cit[y was taken, the king of Akka]d [and] C[yax]ares (Umakištar) met one another by the city (and) they brought about friendly relations and a peace agreement with each other. [Afterwards, Cyaxa]res and his troops returned to his land. The king of Akkad and his troops (also) returned to his (own) land.

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31–37) [The thirteenth year (613): In the month Ayyā]ru (II), the Sūḫeans rebelled against the king of Akkad and began a war. [The king of Akkad] mustered his [tr]oops and marched to the land Sūḫu. On the fourth day of the month Simānu (III), he did [battle against the c]ity Raḫi-ilu, a city which is (on an island) in the middle of the Euphrates River, and, at that time, he took the city. He built his [...]. The men who (live) on the bank(s) of the Euphrates River came down to him (and) [...]. He encamped [against] the city Anat. [He had] (siege) tower[s cross over] fr[om] the western side, [...], brought th(os)e (siege) towers close to (Anat's) city wall. He did battle against the [city], but [he did not take] the c[ity.[[151]] ... the king of] Assyria and his troops came down and [they pushed back] the king of Akkad and his troops.[[152]]

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38–41) [The fourteenth year (612)]: The king of Akkad muster[ed] his troops [and march]ed [to Assyria]. The king of the Ummān-manda [marched] towards the king of Akkad. [Then, the king of Akkad and Cyaxares] met one another [by the city ...]û. [The k]ing of Akkad [and his troops crossed the Tigris River and Cy]axares had (his troops) cross [the Rad]ānu [River] and (then) they marched along the bank of the Tigris River. [On the ...th day of Simānu (III) , they encamp]ed against Nineve[h].

42–46) From the month Simānu (III) until the month Abu (V), for three [months, they ...] (and) did intensive battle against the city.[[153]] [On the ...th day] of the month Abu (V), they inflicted a major [defeat upon a g]reat [people]. At that time, Sîn-šarra-iškun, the king of Ass[yria, died. ...]. They carried off substantial booty from the city and (its) temple(s). [They turned the c]ity into a mound of ru[ins (lit. "a mound and ruins"). The ...] of Assyria escaped from the enemy and, in order to (save his own) life, he g[rasped] the feet of the king of Akkad.

47–49a) On the twentieth day of the month Ulūlu (VI), Cyaxares and his troops returned to his land. Afterwards, the king of Akka[d and his troops] marched as far as the city Naṣībīna. [They ...] prisoners and deportees. Moreover, they brought the (people of) the land Raṣappa (Ruṣapa) to Nineveh, before the king of Akkad.

49b–52) On [the ...th day of the] month [..., Aššur-uballiṭ (II) ] ascended the throne in Ḫarrān to exercise the kingship of Assyria. Until [the ...th day of] the month [..., ...] in Nineveh. [F]rom the twentieth day of the month [...], the king of [Akkad] took away [...] and [...] in the city [...].

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53–55) The fifteenth year (611): In the month Duʾ[ūzu (IV) the ki]ng of Akkad [mustered his troops and] marched to Assyria [and marched about] triumphantly [in Assyria]. He captured [the ...] of the lands [...] and Šu[...]a, took them as the spoils of war, (and) [carried off] their sub[stantial] booty.

56–57) In the mon[th Araḫsamn]a (VIII), the king of Akkad t[ook] the lead of his troops [and marched] against the city Ru[g]gu[lītu]. He did battle against the city and, on the twenty-eighth day of the month Araḫsamna (VIII), he took the city. [...] did not [spare] a single person (among them). He returned [to his land].

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58–60) The sixteenth year (610): In the month Ayyāru (II), the king of Akkad mustered his troops [a]nd marched to Assyria. Fr[om the month ...] until the month Araḫsamna (VIII), he marched about triumphantly in Assyria. In the month Araḫsamna (VIII), the Ummān-manda came [to the ai]d of the king of Akkad. Then, they consolidated their troops together and marched to Ḫarrān, [agains]t [Aššur-uball]iṭ (II), who had ascended the throne in Assyria.

61–64a) Then, fear of the enemy fell over Aššur-uballiṭ (II) and the troops of Eg[ypt, who] had come [to his aid]; they aban[doned] the city [and] crossed [the Euphrates River]. The king of Akkad reached Ḫarrān, [did battle against the city, and] took the city. He carried off substantial booty from the city and (its) temple(s).

64b–65) In the month Addaru (XII), the king of Akkad left [his troops and] their [camp] and he (himself) returned to his land. Moreover, the Ummān-manda, who had co[me] to the aid [of] the king of Akkad, [with]drew.

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66–68) (The seventeenth year (609)): In the month Duʾūzu (IV), Aššur-uballiṭ (II), the king of Assyria, [(...)] the numerous troops of Egypt, [(...)], crossed the (Euphrates) River, and marched against Ḫarrān in order to conquer (the troops that the king of Akkad had posted there). [They (... and) to]ok [...]. They massacred the garrison that the king of Akkad had posted inside. [Wh]en they [had kill]ed (the enemy), they encamp[ed] against Ḫarrān.

(69–71) Until the month Ulūlu (VI), they did battle against the city, but ach[ieved nothing and] did not [with]draw. The king of Akkad went to the aid of his troops, but [did not do battle]. He went up [to the land I]zalla and he burned with fire the [...] of numerous cities in the mountains.

72–75) At that time, the troops of [... ma]rched as far as the province of Urarṭu (Urašṭu). In the land [...], they (the troops of the king of Akkad) took them as the spoils of war. They [took awa]y the garrison that the king of [... had posted inside it] and went up to the city [...]. The king of Akkad returned to his land.

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76–77) In the [eighteenth] ye[ar (608): In the month Ulū]lu (VI), the king of Akkad mustered his troops and (...).

78) Let [the one who] lo[ve]s the gods [Na]bû and Marduk protect (this tablet and) not let (it) fall into (enemy) hands.



149 Gablīni is located near where the Ḫabur joins the Euphrates; see Zadok, Rép. Géogr. 8 p. 135.

150 Tagritaʾin (Tagariteyāni) is modern Takrīt; see Zadok, Rép. Géogr. 8 p. 301; and Bagg, Rép. Géogr. 7/2 p. 582.

151 A.K. Grayson (Chronicles p. 94) tentatively translates this passage as "and captured it."

152 A.K. Grayson (Chronicles p. 94) tentatively translates this passage as "and ... the king of Akkad and his army. He (the king of Akkad) went home. "

153 A.K. Grayson (Chronicles p. 94) translates this passage as "they subjected the city to a heavy siege.

Jamie Novotny & Frauke Weiershäuser

Jamie Novotny & Frauke Weiershäuser, '2. Fall of Nineveh Chronicle', RIBo, Babylon 7: The Inscriptions of the Neo-Babylonian Dynasty, The RIBo Project, a sub-project of MOCCI, 2024 [/ribo/babylon7/RINBE11Introduction/DatingandChronology/Chronicles/FallofNinevehChronicle/]

 
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