When you are learning these signs, you may find it helpful to try some of the methods suggested on the Tips for Learning page. Before you try the exercises, you may like to look at the Akkadian language page on the D and Š stems. The solutions to the exercises are all on a separate Answers page.
Signs to learn
Sign values that you will need for the Texts to read exercises are shown in bold.
Cuneiform sign |
Syllabic values |
Logographic values |
π |
ba, pa2 |
|
π
|
ib, ip, eb, ep |
|
π· |
li, le |
|
π» |
lu |
UDU = immerum, "sheep" |
πͺ |
mi, me2 |
GE6 = αΉ£almum, "black"
GE6 = mΕ«šum, "night" |
π· |
hu; pag, pak, paq |
MUŠEN = iαΉ£αΉ£Ε«rum, "bird" |
πΊ |
še |
ŠE = šeΚΎum, "barley, grain" |
π
|
tu, αΉu2 |
|
π |
tum, dum |
|
π |
u2 , šam |
KUŠ3= ammatum, "cubit", a length measure, c.50 cm
U2 = šammum, "plant(s)"
u2 = determinative before plant names |
π |
uh2 |
|
π |
uš |
US2 = redûm, "to accompany" (i/i) |
π |
|
GIR3 = šΔpum, "foot" (feminine; plural šΔpΔtum)
in π π» πΊ GIR3.PAD.DU = eαΉ£emtum, "bone" |
π© |
|
KIŠIB or π© α² KIŠIB.LA2 = rittum, "hand" |
π¦ |
|
in π¦ π π MAŠ.EN.GAG = muškΔnum, "palace dependant" |
Phrases to read
Transliterate, normalise, and translate these words and phrases.
- π
π π π
πΈ π π π π΄ πͺ π
- πΈ π π π©π³ π¨π π π π΄ π π
- π©π π¨π π π© π π
πΎ π π« π πͺ π
- π π» πΊ π π
π π
- π π» πΊ π¨π π π πΊ π
π π
- πΏ π
π π π© π π π
- πΏ π π π π« π π πΊ
- πΏ π
π π π© πΊ π
- π³ π π πΏ π πΏ π
π πΏ π
π π© π π πΏ π
π π π« π πΊ π
- π
π π π π π πΌ π π
π π
- π π π π π³ πΎ π π π
π π π π π
- π½ π¨π π π΄ π π‘ π· π¨π π π« π π π
- π π¦ π π π» π¨π π π π π π π
- π π π π· π π π π
π π π π« πΈ π· π
π
- π πͺ π π
π π π π π π· π
- π π πͺ π π
π π π π π π· π
- π πΏ π π πΏ π΄ π
π» π· π π« π« π· π
- π πͺ π πΏ π» π π π« πΎ π π· π
- π π π
π© π² π π πΏ πΎ πΈ π
π
- π π π π π
π© π² π π π πΈ π
π
Extra vocabulary
- asûm (written ππͺ A.ZU), "healer, physician"
- awΔ«lΕ«tum, "humankind, people"
- balΔαΉum, "to live" (u/u)
- huppudum "to blind" (D-stem only)
- Δ«num, "eye" (feminine)
- marαΉ£um, "sick person, patient"
- nakrum, "enemy"
- našΔqum, "to kiss" (i/i)
- αΉuppum, "tablet"
- palΔhum, "to fear, to revere" (a/u)
- šalΔlum, "to plunder" (a/u)
- šebΔrum, "to break" (i/i)
- αΉupšarrum, "scribe"
Content last modified on 22 Dec 2012.
Eleanor Robson, 'Cuneiform exercises 6', Knowledge and Power, Higher Education Academy, 2012 [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/saao/knpp/CuneiformRevealed/Learningsigns/Cuneiformexercises/Exercise6/]