Sîn-šarru-iškun 01

Obverse
11

a-na-ku mdEN.ZU-LUGAL-GAR-un LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu [LUGAL ŠÚ LUGAL KUR] AN.ŠÁR.KI

(1) I, Sîn-šarra-iškun, great king, stron[g] king, [king of the world, king of A]ssyria, favored by the deities Aššur, Enlil, (and) Mullissu; pio[us] governor, [...] of Ešarra, humble ruler; chosen by the steadfast hearts of the deities Sîn, Ni[ngal, Šamaš, and Aya; beloved of the deities Marduk, Zarpa]nītu, Nabû, (and) Tašmētu; the one chosen by the goddess Ištar who resides in Nineveh (and) the goddess Ištar who resides in [Arbela, favorite of the gods Nergal] and Nusku; (5) [the one whom (the god) Aššur, the goddess Mul]lissu, and the grea[t] gods, [my lords, steadfastly looked upon am]ong m[y] brothers and [selected] for kingship; they commanded me [to per]form [the roles of provisioner of all cult centers, priest of all sanctuaries, (and) shepherd of the totality of the black-headed (people)];

22

ni- IGI.II AN.ŠÁR dEN.LÍL dNIN.LÍL GÌR.NÍTA mut-nen-nu-[ú .x] x é-šár-ra

33

ma-al-ku šuk-nu-šu i-tu-ut kun lìb-bi d30 dNIN.[GAL dUTU u da-a na-ram dAMAR.UTU dNUMUN]--tum dAG dPAPNUN

44

ni?-šu-ut d-tar a-ši-bat URU.NINA d-tar a-ši-bat [LÍMMU-DINGIR.KI mi-gir dU.GUR] ù dnusku1

55

[šá AN.ŠÁR d]NIN.LÍL ù DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ [EN.MEŠ-ia i-na] bi-rit maš-ši-ia [ke-niš ip-pal-su-ni-ma is-su-qu]-ni a-na LUGAL-u-ti2

66

[za-ni-nu-ú-ti kiš-šat ma-ḫa-zi É.BAR-ú-ti gi-mir -re-e-ti re-ʾu-ú-ut nap-ḫar ṣal-mat SAG.DU e]-pe-šu iq-bu-ni

77

[ki-ma AD u AMA it-ta-nar-ru-in-ni-ma i-na-ru a-a-bi-ia ú-šam--] ga?-re-ia3

(7) [they guided me like a father and a mother, killed my foes, (and) cut down] my [adv]ersaries; [they gladly placed me on the royal throne of the father] who had engendered me; [the god Ea (and) the goddess Bēlet-ilī created me for dominion over the world] (and) [they made] my form [surpas]sing [among all ...; (10) the god Sîn, king of the crown, crowned me with the crown of lordship] (and) he made my hand grasp [the scepter of kingshi]p [to make the foundation of the land firm (and) to direct the people; the goddess Mullissu who resides in Nineveh, (the goddess) Antu, ... raised up] my head; [resplendent young man, superb man, who comprehends reason and counsel, who spea]ks eloquent (words), [magnanimous, discerning, whose words] are as sweet [to the people] as the armannu-fruit; [to whom ... assistance and succor ... as] his good fortune; (15) [...] their words; [...] his head;

88

[ṭa-biš ú-še-šib-u-in-ni ina GIŠ.GU.ZA LUGAL-u-ti AD] -ia

99

[dé-a dbe-let-DINGIR.MEŠ a-na e-nu-ti kiš-šá-ti ib-nu-in-ni ina nap-ḫar x x ú-šá]-ti?-ru nab-ni-ti

1010

[d30 LUGAL a-ge-e a-na kun-ni SUḪUŠ KUR šu-te-šur ba-ʾu-la-a-ti a-ge-e EN-u-ti e-pir-an-ni GIŠ.GIDRU LUGAL-u]-ti ú-šat-me-eḫ rit-tu-u-a

1111

[dNIN.LÍL a-ši-bat NINA.KI an-tum ...] x SAG.MEŠ-ia

1212

[eṭ-lu šu-pu-ú a-a-ru šu-tu-ru a-ḫi-iz ṭè-e-me ù mil-ki mu-ta]-mu-ú dam-qa-a-ti

1313

[lìb-bu rap-šú ka-raš ta-šim-ti šá at-mu-šú UGU UN.MEŠ] ar-ma-niš DÙG.GA

1414

[šá? ú-sa-a-ti u ta-ḫa-na-ti ...]-ru du-un-qu-šu

1515

[...] x zik-ri-šú-un

1616

[...] SAG.MEŠ-šú

1717

[DUMU mAN.ŠÁR--IBILA LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu LUGAL ŠÚ LUGAL KUR AN.ŠÁR.KI LUGAL KUR EME.GI₇ u URI.KI LUGAL kib-rat] LÍMMU-tim

(17) [son of Ashurbanipal, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, king of the land of Sumer and Akkad, king of the f]our [quarters (of the world); son of Esarhaddon, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sumer and] Akkad; [son of Sennacherib, great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, ruler who has no riv]al; [descendant of Sargon (II), great king, strong king, king of the world, king of Assyria, governor of Babylon, king of the land of Sumer and Akka]d;

1818

[DUMU mAN.ŠÁR-ŠEŠ-SUM.NA LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu LUGAL ŠÚ LUGAL KUR AN.ŠÁR.KI GÌR.NÍTA .DINGIR.RA.KI LUGAL KUR EME.GI₇ ù] URI.KI

1919

[DUMU md30-ŠEŠ.MEŠ-SU LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu LUGAL ŠÚ LUGAL KUR AN.ŠÁR.KI NUN la šá]-na-an

2020

[ŠÀ.BAL.BAL mLUGAL-GI.NA LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu LUGAL ŠÚ LUGAL KUR AN.ŠÁR.KI GÌR.NÍTA .DINGIR.RA.KI LUGAL KUR EME.GI₇ u] URI.KI

Lacuna

Lacuna

1'1'

[...] x DÙG.GA iḫ-ti-x x [x] x [x x] BAN? NI KI? [...]

(1') [...] ... [...] ... I constantly revered the great gods, (and) I was assiduous towards their sanctuaries (and) beseeched [their] lordly maje[sties ...].

2'2'

[x x (x)]-ú-tu DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ pit-lu-ḫa-ku áš-ra-te-šú-nu áš-te-ʾu-ú ú-ṣal-lu-ú EN-us-[su-nu ...]

3'3'

[i]-da?-a-a i-zi-zu-ma ú-sa-at dum- e-pu-šu-ú-ni ke-mu-ú-a i-tap-pa-lu i-na-ru a-a-bi-ia [...]4

(3') They stood by my [sid]e, carried out correct procedures for me, constantly answered (enemies) in my stead, killed m[y] foes, [...], bound my [en]emies, capture[d] the enemies of Assyria who had not bowed down to my royal majesty, [... () ...] they broke the ...s of the assault against me, [...];

4'4'

[].KÚR.MEŠ-ia ik-mu-ú a-a-ab KUR -šur.KI la ma-gi-ru-ti LUGAL-ti-ia iṣ-bu-tu₄ [...]

5'5'

[x] (x) x IM.MEŠ ti-bu-ti-ia ú-šab-bi-ru kap-[...]5

6'6'

[ina] SAG LUGAL-ú-ti-ia i-na maḫ-re-e BALA-ia ša ina GIŠ.GU.ZA LUGAL-ú-ti [ra-biš ú-ši-bu]

(6') [At the beginnin]g of my [k]ingship, in my first regnal year when [I sat in greatness] on (my) royal throne, I constantly gave [thought to providi]ng for cult centers (and) completing the sanctuaries of fortresses (and) settlements of Assyria, [...] ... [The gre]at [gods], whose divinity I constantly revered, [... (10´) ...] rendered judgment on [those who had s]inned against me, and, in the open country, [...] me [...].

7'7'

[za-na]-an ma-ḫa-zi šuk-lul -ret BÀD.MEŠ-ni da-ád-me KUR -šur.KI [...]

8'8'

[x x] x-e-ri ka-a-a-an -ta-da-na [kar-šú-u-a]

9'9'

[DINGIR.MEŠ] GAL.MEŠ ša ap-tal-la-ḫu-šú-nu-ti DINGIR-us-su-nu [...]

10'10'

[x x] en--ti-ia de-e-ni e-pu-šu-ma UGU EDIN x [...]

11'11'

[...] x-in-ni [...]

12'12'

[ina] u₄-me-šú É NA₄.GIŠ.NU₁₁.GAL -reb IM.MAR.TU ša a-na É [...]

(12') [At] that [t]ime, the Alabaster House, the western entrance which [...] to the palace [..., that S]ennacherib, king of [Assyri]a, the (grand)father of the father who had engendered m[e, had built, had become dilapidated and old I] removed it[s dilapidated sectio]n(s). [I built (and) completed (it)] fro[m its foundation(s) to its crenellations, (15´) made] its structure [larger than the one bef]ore, [...].

13'13'

[ša md]30-PAP.MEŠ-SU LUGAL KUR []-šur.KI AD AD -ia [e-pu-šu e-na-aḫ-ma la-ba-riš il-lik]

14'14'

[an-ḫu]-us-su ad-ke ul-tu [UŠ₈-šú a-di gaba-dib-bi-šú ar-ṣip ú-šak-lil]

15'15'

[UGU šá pa-ni]-ti-im-ma ši-kit-ta-šú ú-[rab-bi? ...]

16'16'

[NUN] EGIR-ú i-na LUGAL.MEŠ-ni DUMU.MEŠ-[ia e-nu-ma É šu-a- in-na-ḫu-ma il-la-ku la-ba-riš]

(16') May [a futu]re [ruler], one of the kings, [my] descendants, renovate its [dila]pidated section(s) [when that house becomes dilapidated and old. May he fi]nd [an inscribed object bearing] my [name] and an inscribed object bearing the name of Sen[nacherib, king of Assyria], the (grand)father of the father [who had engendered me], and (then) anoint (them) with [o]il, make an offering, (and) [pl]ace (them) with an inscribed obje[ct bearing his name. (20´) (The god) A]ššur (and) the goddess Mullissu [will (then) hear] h[is] prayers.

17'17'

[an]-ḫu-us-su lu-ud-diš [MU.SAR-ú ši-ṭir MU]-ia₅

18'18'

ù MU.SAR-ú ši-ṭir šu-me ša md30-[PAP.MEŠ-SU MAN KUR -šur].KI? AD? AD? [-ia li]-mur-ma

19'19'

[Ì].GIŠ lip-šu- UDU.SISKUR BAL- it-ti MU.SAR-[e ši-ṭir MU-šú liš]-kun

20'20'

AN.ŠÁR dNIN.LÍL ik-ri-bi-šu [i-šem-mu]-ú

Date ex. 1Date ex. 1
21'21'

ITI.ŠU.GAR.NUMUN.NA li-mu mdAG-tap-pu-ti-a-[lik]

(21') Duʾūzu (IV), eponymy of Nabû-tappûtī-a[lik].

1ni?-šu-utthe one chosen by”: As already noted by A.K. Grayson (Studies Winnett p. 167), the interpretation of the first word of this line, which he reads as tab-šu-ut, is problematic, although it is almost certainly an epithet of Sîn-šarra-iškun. If Grayson’s interpretation of the first sign is correct, then tabšûtu might be a variant form of tabšītu (“creation); see AHw p. 1299 sub tabšītu and CDA p. 393 sub tabšītu. Given that binût (qātī) (“creation (of the hands) of”) is commonly attested in inscriptions of Ashurbanipal, Sîn-šarra-iškun’s father, the reading of the first word of line 4 of this text as tab-šu-ut seems highly unlikely. Recently, the CAD (T p. 33 sub tabšītu), has tentatively suggested reading this word as ni?-šu-ut; compare D.D. Luckenbill (ARAB 2 p. 411 §1143), who translated the beginning of line 4 as “companion(?),” presumably from nišūtu, which according to the CAD (N p. 297–299) means “family, relatives (by consanguinity or by marriage),” and “people.” The known meanings of nišūtu, however, do not seem to fit the context of this passage. Assuming that the first three signs of line 4 are to be read as ni?-šu-ut, then nišût might be interpreted as a rare variant of nišītu (“one chosen by”); see CAD N p. 281 sub nišītu 2.b.2´. For example, compare Leichty, RINAP 4 p. 14 Esarhaddon 1 (Nineveh A) ii 17 ni-šit dAG dAMAR.UTU (“chosen by the gods Nabû (and) Marduk”) and p. 185 Esarhaddon 98 (Monument A / Zinçirli stele) rev. 21: ni-šit AN.ŠÁR dAG u dAMAR.UTU (“chosen by the gods Aššur, Nabû, and Marduk”). Alternatively, nišût could be from the word nišûtu (CAD N p. 299 sub nišûtu), with the meaning in this passage as “the one enthroned by.” Given that the word nišītu is more commonly used in Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions (although normally as nišītu īnī “the desired object of”), and the word nišûtu is at present unattested in the currently-extant corpus, the authors have tentatively interpreted the first word as ni?-šu-ut, “the one chosen by.”

2maš-ši-ia “m[y] brothers“: This word has sometimes been interpreted in the inscriptions of Sîn-šarra-iškun as “twin” or “twin brother.” For example, see AHw p. 631 sub māšu; CAD M p. 4 sub māšu 1.a; and Grayson, Studies Winnett pp. 164 and 167. J. Oates (CAH2 3/2 p. 176 n. 29) — followed by U. Bock (Kinderheit p. 288 [with n. 170] — suggests simply translating māšu/maššû as “brothers,” with the sense of “full brother,” instead of “twin brother.” Compare, for example, von Soden, ZA 58 (1967) p. 252 and Meinhold, Ištar p. 458, where this word is taken to mean “biological brother(s)” (leiblicher Bruder/leibliche Brüder). N. Naʾaman (ZA 81 [1991] p. 255) tentatively suggests translating maššû as “equals,” with the implication that it referred to Sîn-šarra-iškun’s brothers, who were also contenders for the Assyrian throne. Although Sîn-šarra-iškun’s inscriptions seem to imply that he was young when he came to the throne, he could not have been that young since Aššur-uballiṭ II, assuming that he was indeed a son of his, must have been old enough to take over the duties of king when Sîn-šarra-iškun died in 612 and, therefore, Aššur-uballiṭ must have been born prior to Sîn-šarra-iškun becoming king in late 627. Thus, it is not impossible that Sîn-šarra-iškun was an older brother of Aššur-etel-ilāni, rather than his twin brother.

3it-ta-nar-ru-in-ni-ma “they guided“: Or possibly “they picked up again and again,” as suggested by U. Bock (Kinderheit p. 114 [with nn. 597–598] and pp. 288–289), who proposes that ittanarrûinnima is a Gtn form of the verb tarû (AHw p. 1336 sub tarû II).

4For an interpretation of these lines, see the on-page note to Ssi 3 line 12.

5As tentatively suggested by J.N. Postgate (personal communication), based on the Amarna version of Adapa line 5, possibly read this line as [x] (x) x IM.MEŠ ti-bu-ti-ia ú-šab-bi-ru kap-[pi?-šú?-nu? ...], “with the winds of my assault, they (the gods) broke [their] wi[ngs].”


Created by Jamie Novotny and Joshua Jeffers, 2015-22. Lemmatized by Jamie Novotny, 2018, for the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation-funded OIMEA Project at the Historisches Seminar - Abteilung Alte Geschichte of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. The annotated edition is released under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license 3.0. Please cite this page as http://oracc.org/rinap/Q003862/.