Names

  • Sennacherib 001

Numbers

  • Q003475
  • Sennacherib 001

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Details

  • cylinder
  • Neo-Assyrian
  • Written ca. 704-681
  • Kuyunjik (Nineveh)
  • Royal Inscription
  • Sennacherib

Sources

IMG [EX001] K 14959

  [EX002] BM 099046

  [EX003] BM 113203

  [EX004] BM 127939

  [EX005] BM 134584

  [EX006] Rm 2, 186

  [EX007] Bu 1889-04-26, 149

  [EX008] VA 08985

  [EX009] Ki 1902-05-10, 001

  [EX010] Bu 1889-04-26, 175

  [EX011] 1881-07-27, 021

  [EX012] Bu 1889-04-26, 039

  [EX013] Bu 1889-04-26, 140

Sennacherib 001

Obverse
11

mdEN.ZU-ŠEŠ.MEŠ-eri-ba LUGAL GAL LUGAL dan-nu LUGAL KUR -šur.KI LUGAL la šá-na-an RE.É.UM mut-nen-nu-ú pa-liḫ DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ1

(1) Sennacherib, great king, strong king, king of Assyria, unrivalled king, pious shepherd who reveres the great gods, guardian of truth who loves justice, renders assistance, goes to the aid of the weak, (and) strives after good deeds, perfect man, virile warrior, foremost of all rulers, the bridle that controls the insubmissive, (and) the one who strikes enemies with lightning:

22

na-ṣir kit-ti ra-ʾi-im mi-šá-ri e-piš ú-sa-a-ti a-lik tap-pu-ut a-ki-i sa-ḫi-ru dam-qa-a-ti2

33

eṭ-lum gít-ma-lum zi*-ka-ru qar-du a-šá-red kal ma-al-ki rap-pu la-ʾi-iṭ la ma-gi-ri mu-šab-ri-qu za-ma-a-ni3

44

d-šur KUR-ú GAL-ú LUGAL-ut la šá-na-an ú-šat-li-ma-an-ni-ma UGU gi-mir a-šib pa-rak-ki ú-šar-ba-a GIŠ.TUKUL.MEŠ-ia

(4) The god Aššur, the great mountain, granted to me unrivalled sovereignty and made my weapons greater than (those of) all who sit on (royal) daises.

55

i-na SAG LUGAL-ti-ia ša i-na GIŠ.GU.ZA [(be-lu-ti) ú]-ši-bu-ma ba-ḫu-la-a-te KUR -šur.KI ú-ma-ʾe-ru i-na taš-me-e ù sa-li-me

(5) At the beginning of my kingship, after [I] sat on the [(lordly)] throne and took command of the population of Assyria amid obedience and peace, Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan), king of Kardun[iaš (Babylonia), an ev]il [foe], a rebel (with) a treacherous mind, an evildoer whose villainous acts are true, sought [frie]ndship with Šutur-Naḫundu (Šutruk-Naḫḫunte II), an E[lamite], by presenting him with gold, silver, (and) precious stones; then, he continuously requested reinforcements.

66

mdAMAR.UTU-IBILA-SUM.NA LUGAL KUR.kár-dun-[ia-áš a-a-bu lem]-nu ba-ra-nu-ú ka-raš sur-ra-a-ti e-piš le-mut-ti ša an-zil-la-šu kit-tu4

77

mšu-túr-dna-ḫu-du .e-[la-mu-ú a-na ib?]-ru?-ti-šú is-ḫur-ma .GI .BABBAR ni-siq-ti NA₄.MEŠ ú-šat-lim-šu-ma e-ter-ri-su kit-ru

88

mim-ba-ap-pa .tur-ta-nu-[šú it-ti gi-piš um]-ma-na-ti-šú mta-an-na-a-nu .3.U₅ 10 .GAL KI.ṢIR.MEŠ a-di mdU.GUR-na-ṣir .su-tu-ú la a-di-ru ta-ḫa-zu

(8) To the land of Sumer and Akkad, he (Šutur-Naḫundu) sent to his (Marduk-apla-iddina’s) assis[tance] Imbappa, [his] field marshal, [together with the massed body of] his [tr]oops, Tannānu, (his) third man, ten unit commanders, including Nergal-nāṣir, a Sutian who is fearless in battle, 80,000 archers (and) [lancers, (and) the 850] wagons (and) horses that were with them.

99

80 LIM .ERIM.MEŠ GIŠ.PAN [GIŠ.az-ma-re-e 8 ME 50 GIŠ].ṣu-um-bi ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ it-ti šú-nu-ti-ma a-na KUR EME.GI₇ ù URI.KI -pu-ra re-ṣu-[us]-su

1010

ù šu-ú [.kal-du lem-nu e-piš ḪUL-tim NUMUN -er-ti UNUG.KI] ARARMA.KI ÚRI.KI eridu.KI kul-aba₄.KI ki-is-sik.KI URU.-med-dla-[gu]-da5

(10) Moreover, he, [the evil Chaldean, evildoer, (and) offspring of murder], gathered together [Uruk, Lars]a, Ur, Eridu, Kullaba, Kissik, (and) Nēmed-La[gu]da, the lands of the Bīt-Ya[kīn, Bīt-Amukkāni, Bīt-Ašillāni (Bīt-Šillāni), Bīt-Saʾa]lli, (and) Bīt-Dakkūri, all of the Chaldeans, as many as there were; on the bank(s) of the [Tigris] River, the [Tuʾmūna, Riḫiḫu], Yadaqqu, Gibrê, (and) Maliḫu (Malaḫu); on the bank(s) of the [Surappu] River, [the Gurumu, Ubulu, Damu]nu, Gambulu, Hindaru, Ruʾuʾa, (and) Puqudu; on the bank(s) of the [Euphrates] River, [the Ḫamrānu, Ḫagarānu], Nabatu, (and) Liʾtaʾu insubmissive Arameans who did not know (fear of) death; (15) Nippur, Dilbat, [Marad, Kish, Ḫursagkalamma, Baby]lon, Borsippa, (and) Cutha, all of Karduniaš (Babylonia) an[d pr]epared (them) for battle.

1111

KUR.É-mia-[ki-ni KUR.É-ma-muk-ka-a-ni KUR.É-ma-šil-a-ni KUR.É-msa-ʾa]-al-li KUR.É-mdak-ku-ri si-ḫir-ti .kal-di ma-la ba-šu-ú

1212

ša ÍD.[IDIGNA .tu--mu-na .ri-ḫi-ḫu ].ia-daq-qu .gib-re-e .ma-li-ḫu

1313

ša ÍD.[su-rap-pi .gu-ru-mu .ú-bu-lum .da-mu]-nu .gam-bu-lu .ḫi-in-da-ru .ru-ʾu-u-a .pu-qu-du

1414

ša ÍD.[BURANUN .ḫa-am-ra-a-nu .ḫa-ga-ra-a-nu] .na-ba- .li--ta-a-ú .a-ra-mu la kan-šu šá la i-du?-ú mi-tu?-tum6

1515

NIBRU.KI dil-bat.[KI MARAD.DA.KI kiš.KI URU.ḫur-sag-kalam-ma .DINGIR].RA.KI bár-sipa.KI .DU₈.A.KI gi-mir KUR.kár-dun-ia-áš -te-niš ú-pa-ḫir-ma [ú]-šak-ṣir ta-ḫa-zu

1616

ia-a-ti mdEN.ZU-ŠEŠ.MEŠ-eri-ba zi?-kar? EDIN? na--du ep-še-ti-šú lem--e-ti ú-šá-an-nu-nim-ma la-ab-biš an-na-dir-ma -reb .DINGIR.RA.KI a-na maḫ-ri-šu aq-ṭi-bi a-la-ku

(16) When they reported his (Marduk-apla-iddina’s) evil deeds to me, Sennacherib, the attentive man of the steppe, I raged up like a lion and ordered the march into Babylon to confront him. He (Marduk-apla-iddina), the (very) image of an evil gallû-demon, heard about the advance of my expeditionary force, then he reinforced their companies with horses (and) Elamite, Aramean, (and) Chaldean archers, together with Nergal-nāṣir and ten unit commander[s of the king of] the land Elam who did not know (fear of) death, (and) the countless forces who were with them. He brought their contingents together in Cutha and had (them) keep watch at outposts for the approach of my expeditionary force.

1717

šu-ú ḫi-ri-iṣ gal-le-e lem-ni a-lak ger-ri-ia -me-ma ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ ERIM.MEŠ GIŠ.PAN .a-la-mu-ú .a-ra-mu .kal-du it-ti mdU.GUR-na-ṣir ù 10 .GAL KI.ṢIR.[MEŠ LUGAL] KUR.ELAM.MA.KI šá la i-du mi-tu-

1818

e-mu- la ni-bi it-ti šú-nu-ti-ma ú-dan-ni-in ki-iṣ-ri-šú-un -reb .DU₈.A.KI -te-niš ú-še-rib-ma a-na me-te-eq ger-ri-ia ú-šá-an-ṣir ka-a-du

1919

ṣi-in-di-ia -te-še-ra UD.20.KÁM ša ITI.ZÍZ ul-tu bal-til.KI GIM GU₄.AM gap-ši meḫ-ret ERIM.ḪI.A-ia aṣ-bat-ma pa-an gi-ip-ši-ia ul ú-šad-gil-ma ar-ka-a ul ú-7

(19) I put my yoked teams in order. On the twentieth day of the month Šabāṭu (XI), like a powerful wild ox, I took the lead of my troops from Baltil (Aššur), but I did not wait for the main force of my army, nor did I wait for the rear guard. (20) I sent (my) chief eunuch (and) my provincial governors to Kish ahead of me, (saying): “Take the road to Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan), but do not be careless about putting a strong watch on him!”

2020

.GAL SAG .EN.NAM.MEŠ-ia a-na kiš.KI ú-ma-ʾe-er maḫ-ru-u-a ú-ru-uḫ mdAMAR.UTU-IBILA-SUM.NA ṣab-ta-a-ma e te-ga-a dun-ni-na ma-ṣar-tuš

2121

šu-ú .EN.NAM.MEŠ-ia e-mur-ma a-di gi-mir el-la-ti-šú .GAL dza-ba₄-ba₄ uṣ-ṣa-am-ma i-na ta-mir-ti kiš.KI it-ti .GAL.MEŠ-ia e-pu- ta-ḫa-zu

(21) He (Marduk-apla-iddina) saw my provincial governors, then came out of the Zababa Gate with all of his forces and did battle with my magnates in the plain of Kish. The enemy prevailed over my magnates in the thick of battle and they (my magnates) were unable to withstand him. They sent their messenger to me in the plain of Cutha for help.

2222

.GAL.MEŠ-ia qit-ru-ub ta-ḫa-zi .KÚR UGU-šú-un id-nin-ma ul i-le-ʾu-ú ma-ḫa-ar-šu .A šip-ri-šú-un ša ḫa-mat i-na -reb ta-mir-ti .DU₈.A.KI ṣe-ru-u-a -pu-ru-u-ni

2323

i-na ug-gat lìb-bi-ia UGU .DU₈.A.KI ti-bu šam-ru áš-kun-ma .mun-daḫ-ṣi sa-ḫi-ir BÀD-šú as-li- ú-ṭeb-bi-iḫ-ma aṣ-ṣa-bat URU

(23) In my rage, I unleashed a fierce assault on Cutha, then I slaughtered the warriors surrounding its wall like sheep and took possession of the city. I brought out horses, the Elamite, Aramean, (and) Chaldean archers, the Elamite unit commanders, and Nergal-nāṣir, together with the guilty citizens, and I counted (them) as booty.

2424

ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ ERIM.MEŠ GIŠ.PAN .e-la-me-e .a-ra-mu .kal-du .GAL KI.ṢIR.MEŠ .KUR.ELAM.MA.KI ù mdU.GUR-na-ṣir a-di DUMU.MEŠ URU EN ḫi-iṭ-ṭi ú-še-ṣa-am-ma šal-la-ti- am-nu8

2525

la-ab-biš an-na-dir-ma al-la-bi-ib a-bu-bi- it-ti .qu-ra-di-ia la ga-me-lu-ti ṣe-riš mdAMAR.UTU-IBILA-SUM.NA a-na kiš.KI áš-ta-kan pa-ni-ia

(25) I raged up like a lion and became furious like the Deluge. With my merciless warriors, I set out for Kish against Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan). Moreover, he, (that) evildoer, saw the cloud of dust of my expeditionary force from afar and fear fell upon him. He abandoned all of his forces and fled to the land Guzummānu.

2626

ù šu-ú e-piš lem--e-ti a-ka-mu ger-ri-ia a-na ru--e-ti e-mur-ma im-qu-su ḫat-tu gi-mir el-la-ti-šú e-zib-ma a-na KUR.gu-zu-um-ma-ni in-na-bit

2727

mta-an-na-a-nu a-di um-ma-na-at .ELAM.MA.KI .kal-du ù .a-ra-mu ša i-da-a-šu iz-zi-zu-ma il-li-ku re-ṣu-us-su BAD₅.BAD₅-šú-un áš-kun-ma ú-par-ri-ir el-lat-su

(27) I defeated Tannānu, together with the Elamite, Chaldean, and Aramean troops who had stood by him and had come to his aid, and I scattered his forces. I captured alive Adīnu, a nephew of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan), together with Basqānu, a brother of Iatiʾe, queen of the Arabs, along with their troops. I seized the chariots, wagons, horses, mules, donkeys, camels, (and) Bactrian camels that he had abandoned during the battle.

2828

ma-di-nu DUMU NIN? mdAMAR.UTU-IBILA-SUM.NA a-di mba-as-qa-a-nu ŠEŠ fia-ti--e šar-rat .a-ri-bi it-ti um-ma-na-te-šú-nu bal-ṭu-su-un ina qa-ti aṣ-bat9

2929

GIŠ.GIGIR.MEŠ GIŠ.ṣu-um-bi ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ ANŠE.KUNGA.MEŠ ANŠE.MEŠ ANŠE.A.AB.BA.MEŠ ANŠE.ud-ri ša -reb tam-ḫa-ri muš-šu-ru ik-šu-da ŠU.II-a-a

3030

i-na ḫu-ud lìb-bi ù nu-um-mur pa-ni a-na .DINGIR.RA.KI a-ḫi--ma a-na É.GAL mdAMAR.UTU-IBILA-SUM.NA áš-šu pa-qad NÍG.ŠU ù NÍG.GA -reb-šá e-ru-ub

(30) With a rejoicing heart and a radiant face, I rushed to Babylon and entered the palace of Marduk-apla-iddina (II) (Merodach-baladan) to take charge of the possessions and property therein. I opened his treasury and brought out gold, silver, gold (and) silver utensils, precious stones, beds, armchairs, a processional carriage, royal paraphernalia of his with gold (and) silver mountings, all kinds of possessions (and) property without number, a substantial treasure, (together with) his wife, his palace women, female stewards, eunuchs, courtiers, attendants, male singers, female singers, palace servants who cheered up his princely mind, all of the craftsmen, as many as there were, (and) his palace attendants, and I counted (them) as booty.

3131

ap-te-e-ma É ni-ṣir-te-šú .GI .BABBAR ú-nu-ut .GI .BABBAR NA₄.MEŠ a-qar- GIŠ..MEŠ GIŠ.GU.ZA.MEŠ -me-di GIŠ.šá šá-da-di GIŠ.ga-ši-ru-ut LUGAL-ti-šú šá iḫ-zu-šú-nu .GI .BABBAR10

3232

mim-ma šum-šu NÍG.ŠU NÍG.GA la ni-bi ni-ṣir-tum ka-bit-tum DAM-su MUNUS.UN.MEŠ É.GAL-šú MUNUS.AGRIG.MEŠ .šu-ut SAG.MEŠ .TIRUM.MEŠ .man-za-az pa-ni .NAR.MEŠ MUNUS.NAR.MEŠ

3333

.ARAD.MEŠ É.GAL mu-nam-mi-ru ṭè-mu ru-bu-ti-šú si-ḫi-ir-ti um-ma-a-ni ma-la ba-šu-ú mut-tab-bi-lu- É.GAL-šú ú-še-ṣa-am-ma šal-la-ti- am-nu

3434

ur-ri-iḫ-ma EGIR-šú a-na KUR.gu-zu-um-ma-ni .mun-daḫ-ṣi-ia a-na -reb ÍD.a-gam-me ù ap-pa-ra-a-ti ú-ma-ʾe-er-ma 5 u₄-me ú-ba-ʾu-šu-ma ul in-na-mir a-šar-šu

(34) I hastened after him to the land Guzummānu and ordered my warriors into the midst of swamps and marshes. For five days they sought him out, but his (hiding) place could not be found. (35) I gathered together the rest of his horses (and) troops, who were weary (and) who had fled like deer instead of going with him, from the midst of the open country and plain.

3535

si-te-et ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ ERIM.ḪI.A-šú ša ia-ʾa-šu ma-na-aḫ-tum na-a-liš ip-par-ši-du-šu-ma la il-li-ku i-da-a-šu -tu -reb EDIN ù ba-ma-a-ti -te-niš ú-pa-ḫir11

3636

i-na me-te-eq ger-ri-ia URU.a-ma-tu URU.ḫa-ú-a-e URU.su-pa-pu URU.nu-qa-bu URU.É*-sa-an-na-bi URU.qu-ṭa-a-a-in12

(36) In the course of my campaign, I surrounded, conquered, (and) plundered the cities Amatu, Ḫauae, Supapu, Nuqabu, Bīt-Sannabi, Quṭayyin, Qidrīna, Dūr-Ladini, Bitāti, (and) Bānītu, the land Guzummānu, the cities Dūr-Yanṣuri, Dūr-Abī-Yataʾ, Dūr-Rudumme, Bīt-Raḫê, Ḫapiša, Sadi-AN, Ḫurudu, Ṣaḫrina, Iltuk, Allallu, Marad, Yaqimuna, Kupruna, Bīt-Kudurri, Sūqa-Marusi, altogether 33 fortified cities, fortresses of the land of the Bīt-Dakkūri, together with 250 small(er) settlements in their environs;

3737

URU.qid-ri-na URU.BÀD-mla-di-ni URU.bi-ta-a-ti URU.ba-ni-tu KUR.gu-zu-um-ma-nu URU.BÀD-mia-an-ṣu-ri URU.BÀD-ma-bi-ia-ta- URU.BÀD-mru-du-um-me

3838

URU.É-mra-ḫe-e URU.ḫa-pi-šá URU.sa-di-AN URU.ḫu-ru-du URU.ṣa-aḫ-ri-na URU.il-tu-uk URU.al-la-al-lu MARAD.DA.KI URU.ia-qi-mu-na

3939

URU.ku-up-ru-na URU.É-mku-dúr-ri URU.SILA-qa-mma-ru-si nap-ḫar 33 URU.MEŠ dan-nu-ti É BÀD.MEŠ-ni ša KUR É-mdak-ku-ri a-di 2 ME 50 URU.MEŠ TUR.MEŠ ša li-me-ti-šú-nu13

4040

URU.BÀD-map-pe-e URU.BÀD-mta--e URU.BÀD-msa-ma- URU.sa-ar-ra-ba-tu URU.ṣa-la-ḫa-tu URU.BÀD-mab-da-a-a URU.sa-ap-pi-ḫi-ma-ri URU.ṣib--ša-URU.ma-ak-ka-me-e

(40) the cities Dūr-Appê, Dūr-Tanê, Dūr-Samaʾ, Sarrabātu, Ṣalaḫātu, Dūr-Abdāya, Sappi-ḫimari, Ṣibtu-ša-Makka-mê, altogether 8 fortified cities, fortresses of the land of the Bīt-Saʾalli, together with 120 small(er) settlements in their environs;

4141

nap-ḫar 8 URU.MEŠ dan-nu-ti É BÀD.MEŠ-ni ša KUR É-msa-ʾa-al-li a-di 1 ME 20 URU.MEŠ TUR.MEŠ ša li-me-ti-šú-nu

4242

URU.sa-pi-a URU.sa-ar-ra-ba-nu UD.UD.AG.KI BÁRA-mar-ri.KI URU.É-mDINGIR-ba-ni URU.a-ḫu-du URU-ša-iṣ-ṣur-dIŠKUR URU-šá-ḫar-ra- URU.ma-na-aḫ-ḫu

(42) the cities Sapīya (Šapīya), Sarrabānu, Larak, Parak-māri, Bīt-Ilu-bāni, Aḫudu, Ālu-ša-Iṣṣur-Adad, Ālu-ša-ḫarratu, Manaḫḫu, Ālu-ša-amēlê, Dūr-Aqqīya, Nagītu, Nūr-abīnu, Ḫar-Ṣuarra, Dūr-Rukbi, Danda-Ḫulla, Dūr-Bir-Dada, Bīt-rēʾê, Dūr-Ugurri, Ḫindaina, Dūr-Uayit, Bīt-Taurâ, Sapḫuna, Buḫarru, (45) Ḫarbat-Iddina, Ḫarbat-Kalbi, Šaparrê, Bīt-Bāni-ilūʾa, Sulādu, Bīt-Iltama-samaʾ, Bīt-Dīni-ili, Daqalu, Ḫamīṣa, Bēlā, Tairu, Kiprānu, Iltaratu, Aqqar-ša-Kīna, Sagabatu-ša-Mardukia, altogether 39 fortified cities of the land of the Bīt-Amukkāni, together with 350 small(er) settlements in their environs;

4343

URU-ša-a-me-le-e URU.BÀD-maq--ia URU.na-gi-tu URU.nu-ur-a-bi-nu URU.ḫa-ar-ṣu-ar-ra URU.BÀD-mru-uk-bi URU.da-an-da-ḫul-la URU.BÀD-mbir-da-da

4444

URU.É-re-ʾe-e URU.BÀD-mú-gur-ri URU.ḫi-in-da-i-na URU.BÀD-mú-a-a-it URU.É-mta-ú-ra-a URU.sa-ap-ḫu-na URU.bu-ḫa-ar-ru

4545

URU.ḫar-bat-mSUM.NA URU.ḫar-bat-mkal-bi URU.šá-par-re-e URU.É-mba-ni-DINGIR-ú-a URU.su-la-a-du URU.É-mil-ta-ma-sa-ma- URU.É-mdi-ni-DINGIR

4646

URU.da-qa-la URU.ḫa--ṣa URU.be-la-a URU.ta-i-ru URU.kip-ra-a-nu URU.il-ta-ra- URU.aq-qar*-šá-ki-na URU.sa-ga-ba--ša-mmar-duk-ia

4747

nap-ḫar 39 URU.MEŠ dan-nu-ti ša KUR É-ma-muk-ka-a-ni a-di 3 ME 50 URU.MEŠ TUR.MEŠ ša li-me-ti-šú-nu

4848

URU.É-mza-bi-di-ia ARARMA.KI kul-aba₄.KI eridu.KI ki-is-sik.KI URU.-med-dla-gu-da URU.BÀD-mia-ki-ni a-di URU.kar-dAG šá ki-šad ÍD.mar-ra-ti

(48) (and) the cities Bīt-Zabīdāya, Larsa, Kullaba, Eridu, Kissik, Nēmed-Laguda, (and) Dūr-Yakīn, including the city Kār-Nabû, which is on the shore of the Bitter Sea, altogether 8 fortified cities, fortresses of the land of the Bīt-Yakīn, together with 100 small(er) settlements in their environs;

4949

nap-ḫar 8 URU.MEŠ dan-nu-ti É BÀD.MEŠ-ni ša KUR É-mia-ki-ni a-di 1 ME URU.MEŠ TUR.MEŠ ša li-me-ti-šú-nu

5050

nap-ḫar 88 URU.ME-ni dan-nu-ti É BÀD.MEŠ-ni ša KUR.kal-di a-di 8 ME 20 URU.[MEŠ] TUR.MEŠ ša li-me-ti-šú-nu al-me ak-šu-ud áš-lu-la šal-la-su-un14

(50) the (grand) total is 88 fortified cities, fortresses of Chaldea, together with 820 small(er) settlement[s] in their environs.

5151

ŠE.IM .LUM.MA ša -reb ki-ra-a-te-šú-nu BURU₁₄-šú-nu ša EDIN ERIM.ḪI.A-ni ú-šá-kil ap-pul aq-qur i-na dGIŠ.BAR aq-mu a-na DU₆.MEŠ ma-šu-ú-ti ú-ter

(51) I let my troops eat the grain (and) dates in their gardens (and) their crops in the countryside. I destroyed (them), devastated (them), (and) burned (them) with fire, (and) turned (them) into forgotten ruin hills.

5252

.úr-bi .a-ra-mu .kal-du ša -reb UNUG.KI NIBRU.KI kiš.KI ḫur-sag-kalam-ma.KI a-di DUMU.MEŠ URU EN [ḫi-iṭ]-ṭi ú-še-ṣa-am-ma šal-la-ti- am-nu15

(52) I brought out the auxiliary forces of the Arameans (and) Chaldeans who were in Uruk, Nippur, Kish, (and) Ḫursagkalamma, together with the [guil]ty citizens, and I counted (them) as booty.

5353

ŠE.IM .LUM.MA ša -reb ki-ra-a-te-šú-nu me-reš ma-na-ḫi-šú-nu BURU₁₄ EDIN ba-laṭ na-piš-[ti-šú]-nu ERIM.ḪI.A-ni ú-šá-kil

(53) I let my army eat the grain (and) dates in their gardens, the fields they had labored in, (and) the crops in the countryside, which is t[heir] li[fe’s] necessity.

5454

mEN- DUMU .GAL- pe-re-ʾi šu-an-na.KI šá ki-ma mi-ra-ni ṣa-aḫ-ri -reb É.GAL-ia ir-bu-ú [a-na LUGAL-ti KUR EME.GI₇].KI ù URI.KI áš-ta-kan UGU-šú-un

(54) I appointed over them Bēl-ibni, a son of a rab banî (and) a scion of Šuanna (Babylon) who had grown up like a young puppy in my palace, [as king of the land of Sumer] and Akkad.

5555

i-na ta-a-a-ar-ti-ia .tu--mu-na .ri-ḫi-ḫu .ia-daq-qu .ú-bu-du .gib-re-[e .ma-li-ḫu .gu-ru-mu .ú]-bu-lu .da-mu-nu .gam-bu-lum .ḫi-in-da-ru16

(55) On my return march, I defeated [all toget]her the Tuʾmūna, Riḫiḫu, Yadaqqu, Ubudu, Gibr[ê, Maliḫu (Malaḫu), Gurumu, U]bulu, Damunu, Gambulu, Ḫindaru, Ruʾuʾa, Puqudu, Ḫamrānu, Ḫagarānu, Nabatu, (and) Li[ʾ]taʾ[u, insubmissive Arameans] and I plundered them.

5656

.ru-ʾu-u-a .pu-qu-du .ḫa-am-ra-a-nu .ḫa-ga-ra-a-nu .na-ba-tu .li-[]-ta-a-[u .a-ra-mu la kan-šú mit-ḫa]-riš ak-šudud-ma áš-lu-la šal-la-su-un

5757

i-na me-ti-iq ger-ri-ia ša mdAG-EN-MU.MEŠ .qi-pi URU.ḫa-ra-ra-ti .GI .BABBAR GIŠ.mu-[suk-kan-ni] GAL.MEŠ ANŠE.[MEŠ ANŠE].GAM.MAL.MEŠ GU₄.MEŠ ù US₅.UDU.ḪI.A man-da-ta-šú ka-bit- am-[ḫur]

(57) In the course of my campaign, I re[ceived] a substantial payment from Nabû-bēl-šumāti, the official in charge of the city Ḫararatu (Ḫarutu): gold, silver, large mu[sukkannu]-trees, donkey[s, c]amels, oxen, and sheep and goats.

5858

ba-ḫu-la-te URU.ḫi-rim-me .KÚR ak-ṣu ša ul-tu ul-la a-na LUGAL.MEŠ-ni AD.MEŠ-ia la ik-nu-šu i-na GIŠ.TUKUL ú-šam-qit-ma na-piš-tum ul e-zib

(58) I put to the sword the population of the city Ḫirimmu, a dangerous enemy who since time immemorial had not submitted to the kings, my ancestors, and I did not leave one alive. I reorganized that district (and) imposed for eternity one ox, ten sheep, ten homers of wine, (and) twenty homers of dates as his first-fruits offerings for the ginû-offerings to the gods of Assyria, my lords.

5959

na-gu-ú šu-a-tu a-na -šu-ti aṣ-bat 1-en GU₄ 10 UDU.MEŠ 10 ANŠE GEŠTIN.MEŠ 20 ANŠE .LUM.MA re-še-te-šú a-na gi--e DINGIR.MEŠ KUR -šur.KI EN.MEŠ-ia ú-kin -ri-šam

6060

it-ti 2 ME 8 LIM šal-lat UN.MEŠ ka-bit-tum 7 LIM 2 ME ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ ANŠE.KUNGA.MEŠ 11 LIM 73 ANŠE.MEŠ 5 LIM 2 ME 30 ANŠE.GAM.MAL.MEŠ 80 LIM 50 GU₄.MEŠ 8 ME LIM 1 ME US₅.UDU.ḪI.A šal-meš a-tu-ra a-na -reb KUR -šur.KI

(60) I returned safely to Assyria with 208,000 substantial captives, 7,200 horses (and) mules, 11,073 donkeys, 5,230 camels, 80,050 oxen, (and) 800,100 sheep and goats. This is apart from the people, donkeys, camels, oxen, and sheep and goats that all of my troops had carried away and appropriated for themselves.

6161

e-zib UN.MEŠ ANŠE.MEŠ ANŠE.GAM.MAL.MEŠ GU₄.MEŠ ù US₅.UDU.ḪI.A ša gi-mir ERIM.ḪI.A-ia e-bu-ku-nim-ma a-na ra-ma-ni-šú-nu is-ki-lu si-kil-tu

6262

ù ba-ḫu-la-te na-ki-ri šep-ṣu mit-ru ša a-na ni-ri-ia la ik-nu-šu i-na GIŠ.TUKUL ú-šam-qit-ma a-lul ga-ši-šiš

(62) Moreover, I put to the sword the soldiers of the enemy, a recalcitrant force who had not submitted to my yoke, and hung (their corpses) on poles.

6363

i-na u₄-mi-šu-ma NINA.KI ma-ḫa-zu ṣi-i-ru URU na-ram d-tar ša nap-ḫar ki-du-de-e DINGIR.MEŠ ù d.TAR.MEŠ ba-šu-ú -reb-šu

(63) At that time, Nineveh, the exalted cult center, the city loved by the goddess Ištar in which all of the rituals for gods and goddesses are present; the enduring foundation (and) eternal base whose plan had been designed by the stars (lit. “writing”) of the firmament and whose arrangement was made manifest since time immemorial; (65) a sophisticated place (and) site of secret lore in which every kind of skilled craftsmanship, all of the rituals, (and) the secret(s) of the lalgar (cosmic subterranean water) are apprehended;

6464

tem-me-en-nu da-ru-ú du-ru- ṣa-a-ti ša ul-tu ul-la it-ti ši-ṭir bu-ru-um-me eṣ-rat-su eṣ-ret-ma šu-pu-ú ṣi-in-du-šu

6565

áš-ru nak-lu šu-bat pi-riš-ti šá mim-ma šum-šú ši-pir ni-kil-tim gi-mir pel-lu-de-e ni-ṣir-ti làl-gar šu-ta-bu-lu -reb-šu

6666

ša ul-tu ul-la LUGAL.MEŠ-ni a-li-kut maḫ-ri AD.MEŠ-ia ul-la-nu-u-a be-lu-ut KUR -šur.KI e-pu-šu-ma ú-ma-ʾe-ru ba-ʾu-lat dEN.LÍL

(66) in which since time immemorial earlier kings, my ancestors, before me exercised dominion over Assyria and ruled the subjects of the god Enlil, and wherein annually, without interruption, they received an income unsurpassed in amount, the tribute of the rulers of the four quarters (of the world);

6767

ù šat-ti-šam la na-par-ka-a e-reb la nar-ba-a-ti GUN mal-ki kib-rat ar-ba-ʾi im-da-na-ḫa-ru -reb-šu

6868

a-a-um-ma i-na lìb-bi-šú-nu a-na É.GAL qer-bi-šu kúm-mu ri-mit be-lu- ša ṣu-ḫur šu-bat-su le-e-su ul id-da-a lìb-bu- ul iḫ-su-us

(68) (but) not one among them had paid heed to (or) shown interest in the palace inside it, the seat of lordly dwelling whose site had become too small; nor had anyone (of them) conceived of and put his mind towards the straightening of the city’s street(s) and the widening of (its) squares, the dredging of the river, (and) the planting of orchards:

6969

a-na šu-te-šur SILA URU ù šum-dul re-ba-a-ti ḫa-re-e ÍD za-qa-ap ṣip-pa-a-te ú-zu-un-šú ul ib-ši-ma ul -ta-bil ka-ras-su

7070

ia-a-ti mdEN.ZU-ŠEŠ.MEŠ-eri-ba LUGAL KUR -šur.KI e-peš šip-ri šu-a-tu ki-i ṭè-em DINGIR.MEŠ i-na uz-ni-ia ib-ši-ma ka-bat-ti ub-lam-ma

(70) (But) as for me, Sennacherib, king of Assyria, the performing of this work came to my attention by the will of the gods and I put my mind to it. I forcibly removed the people of Chaldea, Aramean (tribes), the land of the Manneans, (and) the lands Que and Ḫilakku, who had not submitted to my yoke, then I made them carry baskets (of earth) and they made bricks. I cut down canebrakes in Chaldea and I had their splendid reeds hauled (to Nineveh) for its (the palace’s) construction by enemy soldiers whom I had defeated.

7171

te-ne-šet KUR.kal-di .a-ra-mu KUR.man-na-a-a KUR.qu-e ù KUR.ḫi-lak-ku šá a-na ni-ri-ia la kit-nu-šú as-su-ḫa-am-ma tup-šik-ku ú-šá-áš-ši-šú-nu-ti-ma il-bi-nu SIG₄17

7272

a-pe ku-pe-e ša -reb KUR.kal-di ak-šiṭ-ma ap-pa-ri-šú-un šam-ḫu-ti i-na ba-ḫu-la-ti na-ki-ri ki-šit-ti ŠU.II-ia ú-šal-di-da a-na e-peš šip-ri-šá

7373

É.GAL maḫ-[ri]-tu ša 30 NINDA šid-du ù 10 NINDA SAG.KI-sa ša LUGAL.MEŠ-ni a-li-kut pa-ni AD.MEŠ-ia ú-še-pi-šu-ma la ú-nak-ki-lu ši-pir-šá18

(73) The fo[rm]er palace, whose longer side was thirty nindanu and whose shorter side was ten nindanu, which earlier kings, my ancestors, had had constructed, but whose construction they had carried out inexpertly, (and) alongside of which the Tebilti River had flowed from [dis]tant [days], caused erosion in its foundations, (and) shaken its base:

7474

ša ul-tu [u₄-me ru]-qu-ti ÍD.te-bil-ti i-ta-a-šá i-ba-ʾu-ma i-na -ši-šá ab-bu ú-šab-šu-ú ú-ri-ib-bu tem-me-en-šá19

7575

É.GAL.TUR.[RA šá-a-tu] a-na si-ḫir-ti-šá aq-qur-ma ša ÍD.te-bil-ti ma-lak-šá -ṭib-ma ú-še-šir mu-ṣu-šá20

(75) I tore down [that] small pala[ce] in its entirety and improved the course of the Tebilti River and directed its outflow.

7676

i-na [ITI] še-[me-e i-na] u₄-mi mit-ga-ri -reb ka-tim-ti a-sur-rak-ki-šá 1 šid-du 34 SAG.KI NA₄ KUR-i dan-nu ak-si-ma A.ŠÀ ul-tu ma-a-me ú-še-lam-ma na-ba-liš ú-še-me21

(76) In [a] pro[pitious month, on] a favorable day, in the hidden depths of its subterranean waters I bonded together strong mountain stone sixty (nindanu) along (its) longer side (and) thirty-four (nindanu) along (its) shorter side, then I raised (that) area out of the water and converted (it) to dry land. In order to prevent its foundation from being weakened over the passage of time by cresting flood(s), I surrounded its damp course with large limestone slabs (and thereby) reinforced its base. Upon them, I filled in a terrace to a height of 160 courses of brick, then added (it) to the dimensions of the former palace and (thus) enlarged its structure.

7777

la-ba-riš u₄-me i-na ILLU kiš-šá-ti te-me-en-šu la e--ši as-kup-pat NA₄.pi-i-li rab-ba-a-ti a-sur-ru-šú ú-šá-as-ḫi-ra ú-dan-<ni>-na šu-pu-uk-šú22

7878

2 40 ti-ib-ki ṣe-ru--šin a-na e-la-ni tam-la-a ú-mal-li-ma e-li mi-ši-iḫ-ti É.GAL maḫ-ri-te ú-rad-di-ma ú-šá-an-di-la ti-sar-šá23

7979

É.GAL AM.SI GIŠ.ESI GIŠ.TÚG GIŠ.mu-suk-kan-ni GIŠ.EREN GIŠ.ŠUR.MÌN GIŠ.ŠIM.LI ù GIŠ.bu-uṭ-ni é-gal-zag-du-nu-tuku-a a-na mu-šab LUGAL-ti-ia ú-še-pi-šá -reb-šá24

(79) I had a palace of elephant ivory, ebony, boxwood, musukkannu-wood, cedar, cypress, juniper, and terebinth, (a palace that I named) Egalzagdunutukua (“The Palace Without a Rival”), constructed thereon as my royal residence.

8080

GIŠ.ÙR.MEŠ GIŠ.EREN tar-bit KUR.ḫa-ma-nim ša ul-tu ḫur-šá-a-ni ru-qu-ú-ti nam-ra-ṣi- ib-bab-lu-ni ú-šat-ri-ṣa ta-ra-an-ši-in25

(80) I roofed them (the rooms of the palace) with beams of cedar grown on Mount Amanus, which were brought with difficulty from (that) distant mountain terrain. I fastened bands of shining bronze on magnificent doors of cypress, whose scent is sweet on opening and closing, and I installed (them) in their gates.

8181

GIŠ.IG.ME GIŠ.ŠUR.MÌN ṣi-ra-a-ti ša i-na pe-te-e ù ta-a-ri e-re-sin ṭa-a-bu me-sér ZABAR nam-ri ú-rak*-kis-ma ú-rat-ta-a ba-bi-šin

8282

É ap-pa-a-te tam-šil É.GAL KUR.ḫat-ti ša i-na li-šá-a-ni KUR MAR.TU.KI É ḫi-la-a-ni i-šá-as-su-šú a-na mul-ta-ʾu-u-ti be-lu-ti-ia ú-še-pi-šá -reb-šin26

(82) For my lordly pleasure, I had a portico, a replica of a Hittite palace, which is called bīt-ḫilāni in the language of the land Amurru, constructed inside them.

8383

8 UR.MAḪ.MEŠ pe-tan bir-ki šu-ta-tu-ti ša i-na ŠÁR ŠÁR ŠÁR GÉŠ.U GUN URUDU nam-ru pi-ti-iq dnin-á-gal šu-pu-šu ma-lu-ú nam-ri-ri27

(83) Eight striding lions, standing opposite one another, which were made from 11,400 talents of shining copper, cast by the god Ninagal, (and) were filled with radiance upon (those) lion colossi I installed two identical columns that were cast from 6,000 talents of bronze, together with two large cedar columns, and I positioned cross-beams (upon them) as a cornice for their gate(s).

8484

ù 2 tim-me šu-ta-ḫu-ti ša ŠÁR GÉŠ.U GÉŠ.U GÉŠ.U GÉŠ.U GUN pi-ti-iq si-par-ri šu-ub-bu-ʾu a-di 2 tim-me GIŠ.EREN GAL.MEŠ UGU pìrig-gal-le-e ú-kin-ma dáp-pi ku-lul -ši-in e-mid28

8585

er-bet UDU šad-di dLAMMA ša .BABBAR si-par-ri it-ti UDU šad-di dLAMMA ša NA₄ KUR-i - nak-liš ab-ni-ma a-na er-bet-ti šá-a-ri ú-šá-aṣ-bi-ta SI.GAR-ši-in as-mu29

(85) I expertly fashioned four mountain sheep colossi of silver (and) bronze, together with mountain sheep colossi of massive mountain stone, and in four directions I had (them) hold their (the gates’) suitable door bolt(s).

8686

as-kup-pat NA₄.pi-i-li rab-ba-a-ti da-ád-me na-ki-ri ki-šit-ti ŠU.II-ia -reb-ši-in es-si-ḫa a-sur-ru-ši-in ú-šá-as-ḫi-ra a-na tab-ra-a-ti ú-šá-lik

(86) I engraved on large limestone slabs (images of) the enemy settlements that I had conquered. I surrounded their (the palace rooms’) lower courses (with them and) made (them) an object of wonder.

8787

GIŠ.KIRI₆.MAḪ-ḫu tam-šil KUR.ḫa-ma-nim ša gi-mir ŠIM.ḪI.A.MEŠ GURUN ṣip-pa-a-te GIŠ.MEŠ tuk-lat šá-di-i ù KUR.kal-di -reb-šú ḫur-ru-šu i-ta-a-šá az-qu-up30

(87) I planted alongside it (the palace) a botanical garden, a replica of Mount Amanus, which has all kinds of aromatic plants (and) fruit trees, trees that are the mainstay of the mountains and Chaldea, collected inside it.

8888

áš-šu za-qa-ap ṣip-pa-a-ti A.ŠÀ ta-mir-ti e-le-en URU NIGIDAMIN.TA.ÀM a-na DUMU.MEŠ NINA.KI pil-ku ú-pal-lik-ma ú-šad-gi-la pa-nu--šú-un

(88) To plant gardens, I subdivided the meadowland upstream of the city into plots of two pānu each for the citizens of Nineveh and I handed (them) over to them.

8989

a-na miṭ-ra-a-ti šum-mu-ḫi ul-tu pa-a-ṭi URU.ki-si-ri a-di ta-mir-ti NINA.KI KUR-a ù bi-ru- i-na ak-kul-la-te AN.BAR ú-šat-tir-ma ú-še-šir ÍD.ḫar-ru31

(89) To make (those) planted areas luxuriant, I cut with iron picks a canal straight through mountain and valley, from the border of the city Kisiri to the plain of Nineveh. (90) I caused an inexhaustible supply of water to flow there for a distance of one and a half leagues from the Ḫusur River (and) made (it) gush through feeder canals into those gardens.

9090

1 1/2 KASKAL.GÍD qaq-qa-ru ul-tu -reb ÍD.ḫu-su-ur ma-a-me da-ru-ú-ti a-šar-šá ú-šar-da-a -reb ṣip-pa-a-te šá-ti-na ú-šaḫ-bi-ba pat-ti-

9191

ul-tu šip-ru É.GAL be-lu-ti-ia ú-qat-tu-ú ú-šá-an-di-la re-ba-a-ti bi-re-e-ti su-qa-a-ni -par-du-ma ú-nam-mir GIM u₄-me

(91) After I had finished the work on my lordly palace, broadened the squares, (and) brought light into the alleys (and) streets, making (them) as bright as day, I invited inside it (the palace) the god Aššur, the great lord, (and) the gods and goddesses living in Assyria, then I made splendid offerings and presented my gift(s).

9292

d-šur EN GAL-ú DINGIR.MEŠ ù d.TAR.MEŠ a-ši-bu-ut KUR -šur.KI i-na qer-bi-šá aq-re-ma UDU.SISKUR.MEŠ taš-ri-iḫ-ti aq--ma ú-šat-lim kàd-ra-a-a

9393

a-na ár-kàt u₄-me i-na LUGAL.MEŠ-ni DUMU.MEŠ-ia ša d-šur a-na RE.É.UM-ut KUR ù UN.MEŠ i-nam-bu-ú zi-kir-šú e-nu-ma É.GAL šá-a-tu i-lab-bi-ru-ma en-na-ḫu

(93) In the future, may one of the kings, my descendants, whom the god Aššur names for shepherding the land and people, renovate its dilapidated section(s) when that palace becomes old and dilapidated. May he find an inscribed object bearing my name, an[oint] (it) with oil, make an offering, (and) return (it) to its place. The god Aššur will (then) hear his prayers.

9494

an-ḫu-sa lu-ud-diš MU.SAR-e ši-ṭir šu-me-ia li-mur-ma Ì.GIŠ lip-[šu-] UDU.SISKUR liq- a-na áš-ri-šú li-ter d-šur ik-ri-bi-šú i-šem-me



9595

1 34.TA.ÀM MU ŠID MU.SAR-e

(95) The line count of the inscription is 94 (lines).

1RE.É.UM mut-nen-nu-ú pa-liḫ DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ “pious shepherd who reveres the great gods”: Sennacherib uses these epithets in most of his cylinder inscriptions written between 702 and 700. The Tarbiṣu copies of the “First Campaign Cylinder,” however, have RE.É.UM ke-e-nu mi-gir DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ “true shepherd, favorite of the great gods,” epithets more in line with texts inscribed on clay prisms. See Frahm, ISIMU 6 (2003) p. 145 for further information.

2For a study of these epithets, see Tadmor, Studies Weinfeld pp. 385–390.

3zi*-: Ex. 1 has RI-.

4ba-ra-nu-ú ka-raš sur-ra-a-ti e-piš le-mut-ti ša an-zil-la-šu kit-tu “a rebel (with) a treacherous mind, an evildoer whose villainous acts are true”: As E. Frahm (ISIMU 6 [2003] p. 145) has already pointed out, these epithets for Marduk-apla-iddina II are antithetical to Sennacherib’s epithets.

5M.P. Streck (RLA 9/1–2 [1998] p. 209), assessing the present textual evidence, proposes that the Bīt-Yakīn city Nēmed-Laguda is located in southern Mesopotamia, right on or near the Persian Gulf. D.R. Frayne (JCSMS 4 [2009] p. 61), however, suggests a precise location, proposing that Nēmed-Laguda is modern Mazlaq, which is located on the delta of the ancient course of the Euphrates, as the river enters the modern Hor al Hammar.

6For a recent study of these Aramean tribes, see Frahm, ISIMU 6 (2003) pp. 151–153. Compare the list of Aramean tribes in the inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III (Tadmor and Yamada, RINAP 1 p. 25 Tiglath-pileser III 4 lines 3–7, p. 97 Tiglath-pileser III 39 lines 4–6a, p. 100 Tiglath-pileser III 40 lines 4–8, p. 118 Tiglath-pileser III 47 obv. 5–9, and p. 136 Tiglath-pileser III 51 lines 5–8).

7aṣ-bat-ma “I took and”: J.N. Postgate (personal communication) suggests reading aṣ-bat-ma as az-ziz-ma “I called a halt and.” However, the interpretation presented here follows the conventional reading of the AZ and BE signs as aṣ and bat.

8.KUR.ELAM.MA.KI “Elamite”: Ex. 8 has LUGAL KUR.ELAM.MA.KI “the king of the land Elam.”

9NIN?sister”: The reading of the sign, which is preserved only in ex. 1, is not entirely certain. The sign could instead be DAM “wife.” Our reading of the sign is supported by the fact that Sulaiman’s copy of one of the Tarbiṣu cylinders also has NIN. DUMU NIN “son of a sister” makes much better sense than DUMU DAM “son of a wife.” Therefore, Adīnu is a nephew of Marduk-apla-iddina II, and not his son. See Weissbach, ZA 43 (1936) p. 280; Brinkman, Studies Oppenheim p. 25 n. 140; Ephʿal, Arabs p. 40; and Frahm, ISIMU 6 (2003) pp. 148–149.

10GIŠ.GU.ZA.MEŠ -me-di “armchairs”: Our interpretation of kussī nēmedi follows CAD N/2 p. 156 sub nēmedu 2: “chair with armrest or footstool.” Alternatively, following the CDA (p. 249), one could translate “chair with back.”

11ia-ʾa-šuhaving”: Following E. Frahm (ISIMU 6 [2003] p. 149), ia-ʾa-šu is tentatively taken here as a word related to Akk. išû “to have.” M. Worthington (personal communication) proposes that ia-ʾa-šu is an odd writing of the verb âšu “to be nauseated”; if this interpretation is correct, then ia-ʾa-šu ma-na-aḫ-tum should be translated as “who were nauseated by fatigue.”

12For information on the cities listed here, see Ephʿal, Arabs pp. 40–41 and 112–117; and Frahm, ISIMU 6 (2003) pp. 154–157 Appendix B. See also the on-page notes to lines 39 and 50.

13URU.SILA-qa-mma-ru-si “the city Sūqa-Marusi”: Clearly SILA (so Smith), not SU (so Parpola, Toponyms p. 318). 33 URU.MEŠ “33 cities”: Actually, only twenty-six cities of the Bīt-Dakkūri are listed; compare the Tarbiṣu recension, which records the total as “thirty-four cities,” but with an actual total of thirty-two. The seven missing cities are Sabḫānu, Kār-Nergal, Apak, Bīt-Dannāya, Bīt-Abdāya, Baḫir, and Marirâ according to the Tarbiṣu copies of the “First Campaign Cylinder.” Therefore, ex. 1, the only copy of this inscription from Nineveh in which the passage is fully preserved, must have omitted a line from the original from which that cylinder was copied. Note also that the final total of “eighty-eight” in line 50 also includes the missing seven cities. For a discussion and tables displaying the numerical (sub)totals for the lists of Chaldean cities of the Bīt-Dakkūri, Bīt-Saʾalli, Bīt-Amukkāni, and Bīt-Yakīn tribes, see Frahm, ISIMU 6 (2003) pp. 154–157 Appendix B.

1488 URU.ME-ni “88 cities”: Only eighty-one cities are actually listed. Compare the Tarbiṣu recension, which records the total as “eighty-eight cities,” but with eighty-seven cities mentioned by name in one exemplar and eighty-six cities named in the other exemplar. See the on-page note to line 39 for the names of the missing seven cities. The total number of Chaldean cities in text no. 2 line 11, text no. 3 line 11, and text no. 4 line 9 is 89. In inscriptions written on prisms, the total is reduced to 75; for example, see text no. 15 i 12´ and text no. 22 i 36. 8 ME 20 URU.[MEŠ] TUR.MEŠ “820 small(er) settlement[s]”: The number is reduced to 620 in text no. 4 and to 420 in the prism inscriptions; see text no. 4 line 9, text no. 15 i 14´, and text no. 22 i 37.

15.úr-bi “auxiliary forces”: CAD U/W p. 213 sub urbī, following I. Ephʿal and N. Naʾaman, suggests “(a band of mercenaries).” For discussions (with previous literature) on whether urbī is a designation for a military unit/group or a gentilic, see Ephʿal, JAOS 94 (1974) pp. 110–111 n. 16; Frahm, Sanherib pp. 104–105; Elat, Studies Kallai pp. 232–238; Naʾaman, JAOS 120 (2000) pp. 621–624; Lipiński, Aramaeans p. 423 n. 75; and Bagg, WO 40 (2010) pp. 206–207.

16.ma-li-ḫu “the Maliḫu”: Cf. text no. 16 i 62, text no. 17 i 53, text no. 22 i 45, and text no. 23 i 40, where .ma-li-ḫu is written .ma-la-ḫu.

17Cf. text no. 4 line 69, where the people of Philistia (KUR.pi-liš-tu) and Tyre (KUR.ṣur-ri) are listed among the conquered people who aided in the construction of Nineveh.

18Compare the dimensions of the former palace in text no. 2 line 44, text no. 3 line 44, and text no. 4 line 71. Those inscriptions record the size as follows: “360 cubits long opposite the zamû-wall of the ziggurrat, 80 cubits wide opposite the tower of the temple of the goddess Ištar, 134 cubits wide opposite the tower of the Bīt-Kidmuri, (and) 95 cubits wide (on the other side).” For a chart comparing the dimensions of both the former and new palaces, see Frahm, Sanherib pp. 270–271.

19ÍD.te-bil-ti “Tebilti River”: S. Dalley (Iraq 56 [1994] p. 55 n. 63) has argued that ÍD.te-bil-ti should not be understood as a proper name, but as an epithet describing the nature of the canal; she proposes “flood-prone” and “flooder” as translations of tebilti and understands the preceding ÍD (“river, canal”) as a bound noun followed by a genitive, not as a determinative followed by a proper name.

20É.GAL.TUR.[RA] “small pala[ce]”: E. Frahm (Sanherib pp. 60 and 81) prefers to read É.GAL.TUR.RA as the proper name Egaltura. Cf. von Soden, AHw p. 189 sub egalturrû, where this word is regarded as a Sumerian loanword that appears in Standard Babylonian texts.

211 šid-du 34 SAG.KI “sixty (nindanu) along (its) longer side (and) thirty-four (nindanu) along (its) shorter side”: Later building reports exclude these dimensions in favor of providing those of the newly constructed terrace; see text no. 2 lines 50–51, text no. 3 lines 50–51, and text no. 4 lines 77–79. NA₄ KUR-i dan-nu “strong mountain stone”: Sennacherib records in several inscriptions written on bull colossi that four large limestone blocks were bonded together; for example, see Thompson, Arch. 79 (1929) pl. LII nos. 122M and 122N line 16.

22NA₄.pi-i-li “limestone”: T.C. Mitchell and A.P. Middleton (JCS 54 [2002] pp. 93–98) tentatively conclude that pīlu was gypsum rather than limestone and that NA₄.dŠE.TIR (=pendû) in the context of large sculptures was limestone. Based on the color of the sculptures in the British Museum (London), they suggest that peṣû (“white”) could be rendered as “light colored” or even “light grey.”

232 40 ti-ib-ki “160 courses of brick”: Cf. text no. 2 line 54, text no. 3 line 54, and text no. 4 line 82. ti-sar-šá “its structure”: Cf. for example text no. 3 line 55, which has ši-kit-taš “its structure”; šikittu must be a synonym of the less commonly used word tisarru.

24These lines are more or less borrowed directly from the inscriptions of Sargon II. Cf., for example, Fuchs, Khorsabad pp. 68–70 Stierkolossen lines 60–79a, pp. 182–184 Annalen lines 429b–438a, and pp. 237–240 Prunkinschrift lines 158b–165a. E. Frahm (ISIMU 6 [2003] pp. 157–160) has suggested that the scholar Nabû-zuqup-kēnu may have been actively engaged in writing royal inscriptions during the reign of Sargon II, as suggested by close parallels between Sargon’s “Display Inscription” from Dūr-Šarrukīn (Khorsabad) and Sennacherib’s “First Campaign Cylinder” inscriptions; Frahm proposes that this individual may have also been the “author” of other Sargon texts, including his Annals. Of course, Nabû-zuqup-kēnu’s “authorship” of these texts cannot be proven with certainty.

25é-gal-zag-du-nu-tuku-a “Egalzagdunutukua”: Cf. text no. 3 line 56, where the ceremonial name is written é-gal-zag-di-nu-tuku-a. For ZAG.DU and ZAG.DI = šanānu, see CAD Š/1 p. 368 sub šanānu 3a-1´.

26This passage is not included in the building reports of text no. 3 and text no. 4.

27šu-ta-tu-ti “standing opposite one another”: In exs. 2 and 4 (the only other exemplars preserving this passage), the sign -tu-, although partially broken, is clear; it is not KI. H. Weidhaas (ZA 45 [1939] p. 109) correctly read the sign as TU, a reading that was adopted by W. von Soden (AHw p. 1291) and E. Frahm (Sanherib p. 45). The old reading šu-ta-qí-ti (S. Smith and Luckenbill) is to be abandoned. With regard to lines 83–85, see Weidhaas, ZA 45 (1939) pp. 109–110; and Engel, Dämonen pp. 35 and 152.

28šu-ub-bu-ʾu “that were cast”: The sign -ʾu is clear; it is not -ku. W. Von Soden (AHw p. 697) tentatively suggested that the word is derived from nabāʾu “(Metall) giessen.” CAD N/1 p. 24 sub nabāʾu A and CAD Š/1 p. 420 sub šapāku 7c emended the text to šu-up-pu-ku “to cast.” The word is written šu-ub-bu-ʾu in this text and in text no. 2 line 61; cf. text no. 15 vi 65 and text no. 16 vi 79 where it is written as šu-bu-ʾu. pìrig-gal-le-e “lion colossi”: This writing of the word appears also in text no. 2 line 61; in later texts (text no. 15 vi 67, text no. 16 vi 81, and text no. 17 vii 29) the word is written as pirig-la-le-e. ku-lul -ši-in “a cornice for their gate(s)”: Ex. 3 has ku-lul .GAL-[ši-in] “a cornice for [their] gate(s).”

29SI.GAR-ši-in “their door bolt(s)”: E. Leichty (RINAP 4 p. 24 Esarhaddon 1 vi 21), following CAD Š/2 p. 409, suggests that šigaru (“lock, bolt”) is used synecdochically for “gate.” J.N. Postgate (personal communication), however, has noted that the gates at Nineveh had rectangular sockets in the masonry that were clearly intended to house a door bolt and thus the sculpture genuinely did hold the door bolts. Our translation follows Postgate’s interpretation of ú-šá-aṣ-bi-ta SI.GAR-ši-in as-mu “I had (them) hold their (the gates’) suitable door bolt(s).”

30GIŠ.KIRI₆.MAḪ-ḫu “botanical garden”: For possible explanations of the term, see Thomason, Luxury and Legitimation p. 175. KUR.ḫa-ma-nim “Mount Amanus”: L. Barbato (Kaskal 7 [2010] p. 179) suggests that the references to Mount Amanus in Neo-Assyrian inscriptions “subtly evoke and equal the heroic deed and the delightful environment of the journey to the ‘Cedar Mountain’ narrated in the Epic of Gilgamesh.” tuk-lat “the mainstay of”: Cf. CAD B p. 221 sub biblu A, which takes tuk-lat as a corruption of biblāt, which appears in the same contexts (for example, text no. 17 viii 27). See Frahm, Sanherib p. 45.

31bi-ru-túvalley”: The interpretation follows Frahm, Sanherib p. 45; see also Borger, JCS 18 (1964) pp. 54–55; and A. Westenholz, AfO 23 (1970) pp. 27–31. ú-šat-tir-ma “I cut through and”: See von Soden, Orientalia NS 27 (1958) pp. 259–260 no. 103.


Created by A. Kirk Grayson, Jamie Novotny, and the Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period (RINAP) Project, 2012. Lemmatized by Jamie Novotny, 2011. The annotated edition is released under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license 3.0. Please cite this page as http://oracc.org/rinap/Q003475/.

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