gidim [GHOST] N (169x) Early Dynastic IIIa, Early Dynastic IIIb, Ur III, Old Babylonian, Middle Assyrian, Middle Babylonian, Neo-Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian, Hellenistic, Uncertain, unknown wr. gidim; ^dgidim; gidim₂; gidimₓ(NINDA₂×GI.IDIM); gi-dim; ki-ti-im; gidim₄ "spirit of a deceased person, ghost"

[1]	𒄇	gidim
[2]	𒀭𒄇	^d gidim
[3]	𒈦𒌋	gidim₂
[4]	𒎒𒅂𒎒𒅂	gidimₓ(NINDA₂×GI.IDIM)
[5]	𒄀𒁴	gi-dim
[6]	𒆠𒋾𒅎	ki-ti-im
[7]	𒌜	gidim₄
+	--ma=m+a (2x/1%); --ma=m.a (24x/14%).

	PC	ED IIIa	ED IIIb	Ebla	OAkk	Lag II	Ur III	OB	Post-OB	(unknown)
[1]		2	3				8	106	21	6
[2]							2	5	1
[3]									6
[4]							4
[5]										2
[6]								2
[7]									1

27 distinct forms attested; click to view forms table.

Attested in the following periods:

Early Dynastic IIIa (2x/1%)

Early Dynastic IIIb (3x/2%)

Ur III (14x/8%)

Old Babylonian (113x/67%)

Middle Assyrian (2x/1%)

Middle Babylonian (5x/3%)

Neo-Assyrian (12x/7%)

Neo-Babylonian (9x/5%)

Hellenistic (1x/1%)

Uncertain (4x/2%)

unknown (4x/2%)

Verbal prefixes: nu .

Senses:

1. spirit of a deceased person, ghost (169x/100%)

Akk. eṭemmu.

Bibliography

[2009] W. Heimpel, Workers 138-9.

[2001/02] D. Foxvog, AfO 48/49 175.

gidim

= eṭemmu (CT 11, pl. 22, K 06016 o i 10'; Ea 01 359).

= x (K 04263+ o i 17').

gidim₂

= eṭimmu (Ea 08 173; BM 023645 r ii 17).

= x (BM 036032 r i' 4; AJSL 36.2,158-160 ii 32'; Ea 01 294).

gidim₄

= x (CT 11, pl. 19, BM 046284 o ii 3').

kitim

(OB Nippur Ea 253).

Lexical Associations

eṭemmu[ghost]N (// gidim[ghost])

gidim = ⸢e⸣-[ṭim₂-mu] (MAOG 11/1-2 99-109, pl. 1 r iii 32'; CT 35, pl. 01-08, BM 108862 r ii 58; CT 11, pl. 22, K 06016 o i 10'; Ea 01 359).

gidim₂ = e-ṭim₂-mu (CT 35, pl. 01-08, BM 108862 r ii 4; AJSL 36.2,158-160 ii 32'; Ea 01 294).

gidim₂ = [e-ṭi-im-mu] (Ea 08 173; BM 023645 r ii 17).

ša[of]DET eṭemmu[ghost]N (// lu[person] gidim[ghost])

⸢lu₂ gidim-ma⸣ = ⸢ša i⸣-ṭi-im-⸢mi⸣ (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.6, 3).

References for all phrases

gidim[ghost]

gidim (OB Nippur Lu 532; IB 1514 o x 6').

gidim = [...] (K 04263+ o i 17'; VAT 10259 r 1').

gidim₂ = [...] (BM 036032 r i' 4).

gidim₄ = [...] (CT 11, pl. 19, BM 046284 o ii 3').

kiteₓ(GIDIM) (MSL 14, 29 Lb b i 24').

kitim (OB Nippur Ea 253; PBS 05, 126 o 7'; MSL 14, 028 Kr o 5').

kitiₓ(GIDIM) (PBS 05, 114 r i' 15').

nu-gidim (ED Lu E 69).

gidim = ⸢e⸣-[ṭim₂-mu] (MAOG 11/1-2 99-109, pl. 1 r iii 32'; CT 35, pl. 01-08, BM 108862 r ii 58; CT 11, pl. 22, K 06016 o i 10'; Ea 01 359).

gidim₂ = e-ṭim₂-mu (CT 35, pl. 01-08, BM 108862 r ii 4; AJSL 36.2,158-160 ii 32'; Ea 01 294).

gidim₂ = [e-ṭi-im-mu] (Ea 08 173; BM 023645 r ii 17).

gidim[ghost] šu[hand] bur₂-ra{mušen}

⸢gidim⸣ šu bur₂-⸢ra⸣^mušen (CM 22, pl. 35-36 r iii 49).

guza[chair] gidim[ghost]

⸢^ŋeš⸣gu-za gidim (Syria 10, pl. 77, 05 r i 3'; KBo 26, 005 + (?) KBo 26, 6 b iii 3'; OB Nippur Ura 1 186a; CUSAS 12, 3.1.1 b i 3'; IB 1547 r iii 22; PBS 12/1, 17 17).

^ŋešgu-za gidim = [...] (Emar 6/1, p. 128, Msk 731048 o i 6').

^ŋešgu-za gidim-ma (Emar 6/1, p. 105-109, Msk 731030 o v 31'; CUSAS 12, 3.1.13 o ii 18').

lu[person] gidim[ghost]

lu₂ gidim (Ebla Sign List 97).

lu₂ gidim-ma (MSL SS 1, p. 07 A o iii' 18).

lu₂ gidim-⸢ma⸣ = ša ⸢e-ṭe₄⸣-mi (MSL 12, 157 A 356).

⸢lu₂ gidim-ma⸣ = ⸢ša i⸣-ṭi-im-⸢mi⸣ (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.6, 3).

ninda[bread] kag[mouth] gidim[ghost] x

ninda ka ⸢gidim⸣ [(...)] = [...] [...] (MSL 11, 039 B7 o 4').

Word ID: o0028131; Citation URL: http://oracc.org/epsd2/o0028131; version 2.7.2 (built 2024-08-31)