er [TEARS] N (967x) Early Dynastic IIIb, Old Akkadian, Lagash II, Ur III, Old Babylonian, Middle Assyrian, Middle Babylonian, Neo-Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian, Hellenistic, unknown wr. er₂; i-ra; ir; er₂-er₂; er₂-ra; ar₂; er₂^er; ir₆; ^erer₂ "tears; weeping, mourning, lament; to weep"

See ama erak[mourner]N, er gul[restrain crying]V/t, er pad[tear up]V/i, er šeš[weep]V/i, umma erak[mourner]N.

[1]	𒀀𒅆	er₂
[2]	𒄿𒊏	i-ra
[3]	𒅕	ir
[4]	𒀀𒅆𒀀𒅆	er₂-er₂
[5]	𒀀𒅆𒊏	er₂-ra
[6]	𒌒	ar₂
[7]	𒀀𒅆𒅕	er₂ ^er
[8]	𒀅	ir₆
[9]	𒅕𒀀𒅆	^er er₂
+	--ra=r+a (1x/0%); --ra=r.a (250x/26%); --re=r.e (68x/7%).

	PC	ED IIIa	ED IIIb	Ebla	OAkk	Lag II	Ur III	OB	Post-OB	(unknown)
[1]			4		3	5	30	627	267	9
[2]								7		1
[3]								6
[4]								1	1
[5]								2
[6]								1
[7]									1
[8]									1
[9]									1

44 distinct forms attested; click to view forms table.

Attested in the following periods:

Early Dynastic IIIb (4x/0%)

Old Akkadian (3x/0%)

Lagash II (5x/1%)

Ur III (30x/3%)

Old Babylonian (644x/67%)

Middle Assyrian (1x/0%)

Middle Babylonian (28x/3%)

Neo-Assyrian (169x/17%)

Neo-Babylonian (19x/2%)

Hellenistic (54x/6%)

unknown (10x/1%)

Verbal prefixes: Vmma ; ba ; ga .

Senses:

1. tears (865x/89%)

2. weeping, mourning, lament (94x/10%)

3. to weep [V/i] (8x/1%)

Akk. bikītu; dimtu.

Bibliography

[2006] M. Jaques, Vocabulaire des sentiments 163.

[2005] P. Attinger, ZA 95 213.

er₂

= dimtum (Ea 01 9).

= dimtum (RA 017, 201-202 (Th 1905-04-09, 018) r 13; KUB 03, 103 o 4', o 5').

Lexical Associations

ahulabakku[lamentation]N (// er[tears])

er₂-er₂ = a-⸢ḫu⸣-[la-ba-ku] (CT 18, pl. 29-30, K 02054 r i 6').

bikītu[weeping]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = bi-ki-tum (OB Nippur Diri 288).

dimtu[tear]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = ⸢di⸣-im-tum (OB Nippur Diri 287; RA 017, 201-202 (Th 1905-04-09, 018) r 13; Ea 01 9).

ir₆ = di-im-tu (MAOG 11/1-2 99-109, pl. 1 o i 8).

^erer₂ = di-im-tu₂ (CT 12, 34-35, K 00197+ o i 31).

gerrānu[wailing]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = ge-er-ra-nu-um (OB Nippur Diri 290).

kalû[hold (back)]V mēsallu[(designation of salt)]AJ (// er[tears])

er₂^er = MIN<(ka-lu-u)> EME.SAL (CT 12, pl. 40-41, K 00039 r i 38').

nissatu[wailing]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = [ni]-is-sa₃-du pit₂-tu-⸢li⸣-[ia-aš] (KUB 03, 103 o 4').

taqribtu[(a ritual)]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = ta-aq-ri-ib-tum (OB Nippur Diri 289).

tazzimtu[complaint]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = ta-zi-im-du mu-ga-⸢u⸣-[wa-ar] (KUB 03, 103 o 5').

tānēhu[moaning]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = ta-ni-ḫu-um (OB Nippur Diri 291).

ṣīhtu[laughter]N (// er[tears])

er₂ = ⸢ṣi⸣-iḫ-tum (OB Nippur Diri 292).

taqribtu[(a ritual)]N ebbūbu[flute]N (// er[tears] gidid[instrument])

er₂ gi-di-da = ta-aq-ri-ib-ti e-bu-bi-im (PBS 05, 149 10).

dimtu[tear]N īnu[eye]N (// er[tears] igi[eye] gig[sick])

er₂ igi gig = di-ma-at i-ni-ia (BBVOT 03, 63 r 8).

mû[water]N ṭabtu[salt]N (// er[tears] mun[salt])

er₂ mun-na = mu-u₂ ṭa-ab-tim (SLT 003 o i 19).

bikītu[weeping]N šakānu[put]V (// er[tears] zeŋ[give])

[er₂] ⸢ba-an-ze₂⸣-eŋ₃ = er₂ ba-an-tum₂ bi-ki-tum iš-kun (K 04319+ o ii 30).

taqribtu[(a ritual)]N unnīnu[supplication]N (// er[tears] šaneša[supplication])

er₂ ša₃-ne-ša₄ = ta-aq-<ri-ib-ti> ŠA₃.NE.ŠA₄ (PBS 05, 149 11).

ša[of]DET bikītu[weeping]N (// lu[person] er[tears])

[lu₂] ⸢er₂⸣-ra = ⸢ša⸣ [bi-ki-tim] (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.2, 75; NBC 09830 o ii 17).

ša[of]DET tānēhu[moaning]N (// lu[person] er[tears])

lu₂ er₂-[ra] = ⸢ša^? ta^?⸣-ni-ḫi (NBC 09830 o ii 18).

ša[of]DET bakkāʾu[wailer]N (// lu[person] er[tears] dug[speak])

[lu₂] ⸢er₂⸣ dug₄-dug₄ = ⸢ša⸣ [ba-ka-a-a-um] (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.2, 77).

References for all phrases

er[tears]

er₂ (OB Nippur Kagal 366, 367, 368, 369, 370).

er₂-er₂ = a-⸢ḫu⸣-[la-ba-ku] (CT 18, pl. 29-30, K 02054 r i 6').

er₂ = bi-ki-tum (OB Nippur Diri 288).

er₂ = ⸢di⸣-im-tum (OB Nippur Diri 287; RA 017, 201-202 (Th 1905-04-09, 018) r 13; Ea 01 9).

ir₆ = di-im-tu (MAOG 11/1-2 99-109, pl. 1 o i 8).

^erer₂ = di-im-tu₂ (CT 12, 34-35, K 00197+ o i 31).

er₂ = ge-er-ra-nu-um (OB Nippur Diri 290).

er₂^er = MIN<(ka-lu-u)> EME.SAL (CT 12, pl. 40-41, K 00039 r i 38').

er₂ = [ni]-is-sa₃-du pit₂-tu-⸢li⸣-[ia-aš] (KUB 03, 103 o 4').

er₂ = ta-aq-ri-ib-tum (OB Nippur Diri 289).

er₂ = ta-zi-im-du mu-ga-⸢u⸣-[wa-ar] (KUB 03, 103 o 5').

er₂ = ta-ni-ḫu-um (OB Nippur Diri 291).

er₂ = ⸢ṣi⸣-iḫ-tum (OB Nippur Diri 292).

er[tears] LI-ma

er₂ LI-ma (HS 1814 r i 5).

er[tears] balaŋ[instrument]

er₂ balaŋ-ŋa₂ (OB Nippur Kagal 371).

er[tears] di[speak]

⸢er₂⸣ di-di-da (UM 29-16-035 o 7).

er[tears] gidid[instrument]

er₂ gi-di (OB Nippur Kagal 374).

er₂ gi-di-da = ta-aq-ri-ib-ti e-bu-bi-im (PBS 05, 149 10).

er[tears] hulu[bad]

er₂ ḫul (OB Nippur Kagal 375).

er[tears] igi[eye]

er₂ igi-ŋu₁₀ (OB Nippur Ugumu 68).

er[tears] igi[eye] gig[sick]

er₂ igi gig = di-ma-at i-ni-ia (BBVOT 03, 63 r 8).

er[tears] mun[salt]

er₂ mun-na = mu-u₂ ṭa-ab-tim (SLT 003 o i 19).

er[tears] ub[drum]

er₂ ub₃-a (OB Nippur Kagal 372).

er[tears] zeŋ[bring]

er₂ ba-an-ze₂-eŋ₃ = [...] [...] (K 04410+ o ii 16').

er[tears] zeŋ[give]

[er₂] ⸢ba-an-ze₂⸣-eŋ₃ = er₂ ba-an-tum₂ bi-ki-tum iš-kun (K 04319+ o ii 30).

er[tears] šaneša[supplication]

er₂ ša₃-ne-ša₄ = ta-aq-<ri-ib-ti> ŠA₃.NE.ŠA₄ (PBS 05, 149 11).

lu[person] er[tears]

lu₂ ⸢er₂⸣-[ra] (BRM IV 26 o ii 9; MSL SS 1, p. 07 B ii 9; MAH 16239 o i 3').

lu₂ [er₂-ra] = ša ⸢bi-i-ki⸣-[tim] (MSL 12, 157 A 127).

[lu₂] ⸢er₂⸣-ra = ⸢ša⸣ [bi-ki-tim] (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.2, 75; NBC 09830 o ii 17).

lu₂ er₂-[ra] = ⸢ša^? ta^?⸣-ni-ḫi (NBC 09830 o ii 18).

lu[person] er[tears] dug[speak]

lu₂ er₂ [dug₄]-dug₄ = ba-ka-a-a-u₂ (MSL 12, 157 A 129).

[lu₂] ⸢er₂⸣ dug₄-dug₄ = ⸢ša⸣ [ba-ka-a-a-um] (OB Lu2-Azlag2 B-C Seg.2, 77).

Word ID: o0027128; Citation URL: http://oracc.org/epsd2/o0027128; version 2.7.2 (built 2024-08-31)