Stone and Rock Inscriptions (A 01)
A 1-1
A 1-2
| Written sources of Sarduri I and Assyrian references to Sēduru (= Sarduri I): Synchronism: 830 BC = 29th year of Shalmaneser III |
| Assyrian Sources |
Urartian Sources |
| Shalmaneser III 014 [RIMA 3 A.0.102.14] lines 141b–146a: 29th year; turtanu Dayyān-Aššur; route/locations: Bīt Zamāni – pass of the city Amaš – river Arṣania; goal: Urarṭu (line 142) |
CTU A 01-01: object: stone blocks; fortification of Ṭušpa ("Sardursburg" / "Sardur's castle"); provenience: Van |
| Shalmaneser III 016 [RIMA 3 A.0.102.16] lines 228'-244': 29th year; as in Shalmaneser 014 [RIMA 3 A.0.102.14]; description of flight: ascent of rugged mountains (l. 237': šadê marṣi) |
CTU A 01-02:
object: rock niche; establishing of state cult; provenience: Van Kalesi |
| Bibliography: Fuchs (2013); Roaf (2013); Salvini (1995: 34-38); Salvini (2004: 39-40). |
Written Sources of Sarduri I and References in Assyrian
Sources
A 1-1
Description:
Building inscription of seven lines in the
Assyrian language, inscribed on six stone blocks of
the so-called Sardur's Castle (German: "Sardursburg" or
"Sardurskastell", Turkish: "Madır Burcu") which is located at the foot
of Van Kalesi, at its westernmost border. The six exemplars have the
same text with only minor deviations.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006874/]
of A 1-1.
Sources:
A 1-1 A, B, C, D, E, F. Three exemplars (A, B, C),
which are known since the 19th century (A copied by Layard,
B by Schulz), are engraved on the blocks on the west side of Sardur's
Castle. The other three (D, E, F) were discovered on blocks on the
east side during the excavation of 1959 (see Bilgiç 1959).
Dimensions:
Exemplar A: height 27-30 cm, width 110-112 cm; Exemplar B: height 35 cm left, 33 cm right, width: 99-100 cm, height of lines 3,5-4 cm; Exemplar C: unclear (only a few pieces are left); Exemplar D: height 30 cm, width 105 cm, height of lines 4,2-4,8 cm; Exemplar E: height 42 cm, width 74 cm, height of lines 4,3-4,8 cm; Exemplar F: height 35 cm, width 97 cm, height of lines 4,2-4,6 cm.
Bibliography:
Bilgiç, Emin (1959): Birkaç Yeni Urartu Kral Kitabesi, Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi 9/1, 1959: 44-47 plates XLII-XLIII).
Salvini, Mirjo (1986): Tušpa, die Hauptstadt von Urartu, in: Volkert Haas (ed.), Das Reich Urartu, (Xenia 17), Konstanz 1986: 31-58 (esp. 32-33 and fig. 7-9).
Salvini, Mirjo (2001): Van Kalesi-Sardursburg (Studi Micenei ed
Egeo-Anatolici 43), 2001: 302-304.
Wilhelm, Gernot (1986): Urartu als Region der Keilschrift-Kultur, in: Haas, Volkert (ed.): Das Reich Urartu (Xenia 17), Konstanz 1986: 95-116, (esp. 101 and fig. 1-3).
Concordance:
A 1-B = Schulz (1840): I; A 1-1 A-C = Lehmann-Haupt (1928-1935):
CICh 1-3 (photo of 1 in fig. 2 p. 17, squeezes of 2 and 3 in pl. XL
and XLI) = Melikišvili (1960): UKN 1-3 = König (1955-1957): HchI 1a-c
= Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 1-3; A 1-1 D-F = Melikišvili (1971a): UKN
II 319-325a-c = Arutjunjan (2001): KUKN 4-6. All exemplars published
by Salvini (2008-2018) as CTU A 1-1 (in CTU V: 38 photo of paper
squeeze published in CICh plate XLIV).
A 1-2
Sources:
Very fragmentarily preserved rock inscription of cultic contents in the Assyrian language engraved on the east wall of a rock nice in the south of Van Kalesi (Ṭušpa). The preserved part consists of 20 fragmentarily preserved lines, originally it was probably much more extensive. The niche shows a rectangular recess for the installation of a stele which today is lost (see the photo on the portal page "Sarduri, son of Lutibri"). In the legible part of the inscription, neither the names of rulers nor divine names are mentioned. However, the location of the inscription not far away from
"Sardur's Castle" and the fact that it is, similar to A 1-1, composed
in the Assyrian language points towards Sarduri as its
author.
Edition:
Access the edition [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/Q006875/] of A 1-2.
Bibliography:
Lehmann-Haupt, Carl Friedrich (1907): Materialien zur älteren Geschichte Armeniens und Mesopotamiens (Abhandlungen der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, Philologisch-Historische Klasse, Neue Folge Band IX, No. 3), Berlin: 63 63 with fig. 41 (cf. CICh 164* e 165* (Textband, 1. Lieferung, III) and UKN 297-298).
Salvini, Mirjo (1982a): Eine vergessene Felsinschrift mit einem assyrischen Opfertext, in: Nicholas Postgate (ed.), Societies and Languages of the Ancient Near East, Studies in honor of I. M. Diakonoff, Warminster: 327-332.
Dinçol, Belkis and Ali M. Dinçol (1986): Eine wiederentdeckte assyrische Inschrift auf dem Van-Felsen, Anadolu Araştırmaları 10: 351-353, pl. I-V.
Diakonoff, Igor' Michajlovič (1989): On some new trends in
Urartian philology and some new Urartian texts, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 22: 77-102 (esp. 93).
Salvini, Mirjo (2018): CTU V (Edition and photo of a squeeze made by Lehmann-Haupt, kept in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin)
Birgit Christiansen, 'Stone and Rock Inscriptions (A 01)', Electronic Corpus of Urartian Texts (eCUT) Project, The eCUT Project, a sub-project of MOCCI, 2020 [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/urartianrulersandtheirinscriptions/sarduriisonoflutipria1/stoneandrockinscriptionsa01/]
http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ecut/urartianrulersandtheirinscriptions/sarduriisonoflutipria1/stoneandrockinscriptionsa01/