PEO: Oracc Linguistic Annotation for Old Persian

This document provides an overview of language-specific annotation conventions for Old Persian used in Oracc.

Transliteration

Old Persian is indicated by the language shift %peo; following this language shift, the ATF processor reads Old Persian transliterated as a sequence of graphemes joined by hyphens as with other graphemic input.

To write in transcription, use the convention for 'normalized' input, as in Akkadian: i.e., follow the language shift with /n.

Graphemic

The following table shows how to transliterate Old Persian graphemically; the table contains Old Persian cuneiform in the first column, so you may need to install a suitable font, such as George Douros's "Aegean".

Cuneiform	Unicode	Name	ASCII Translit	Unicode Translit
𐎠	U+103A0	OLD PERSIAN SIGN A	a	a
𐎡	U+103A1	OLD PERSIAN SIGN I	i	i
𐎢	U+103A2	OLD PERSIAN SIGN U	u	u
𐎣	U+103A3	OLD PERSIAN SIGN KA	k	k
𐎤	U+103A4	OLD PERSIAN SIGN KU	ku	ku
𐎥	U+103A5	OLD PERSIAN SIGN GA	g	g
𐎦	U+103A6	OLD PERSIAN SIGN GU	gu	gu
𐎧	U+103A7	OLD PERSIAN SIGN XA	x	x
𐎨	U+103A8	OLD PERSIAN SIGN CA	c'	č
𐎩	U+103A9	OLD PERSIAN SIGN JA	j	j
𐎪	U+103AA	OLD PERSIAN SIGN JI	ji	ji
𐎫	U+103AB	OLD PERSIAN SIGN TA	t	t
𐎬	U+103AC	OLD PERSIAN SIGN TU	tu	tu
𐎭	U+103AD	OLD PERSIAN SIGN DA	d	d
𐎮	U+103AE	OLD PERSIAN SIGN DI	di	di
𐎯	U+103AF	OLD PERSIAN SIGN DU	du	du
𐎰	U+103B0	OLD PERSIAN SIGN THA	t'	θ
𐎱	U+103B1	OLD PERSIAN SIGN PA	p	p
𐎲	U+103B2	OLD PERSIAN SIGN BA	b	b
𐎳	U+103B3	OLD PERSIAN SIGN FA	f	f
𐎴	U+103B4	OLD PERSIAN SIGN NA	n	n
𐎵	U+103B5	OLD PERSIAN SIGN NU	nu	nu
𐎶	U+103B6	OLD PERSIAN SIGN MA	m	m
𐎷	U+103B7	OLD PERSIAN SIGN MI	mi	mi
𐎸	U+103B8	OLD PERSIAN SIGN MU	mu	mu
𐎹	U+103B9	OLD PERSIAN SIGN YA	y	y
𐎺	U+103BA	OLD PERSIAN SIGN VA	v	v
𐎻	U+103BB	OLD PERSIAN SIGN VI	vi	vi
𐎼	U+103BC	OLD PERSIAN SIGN RA	r	r
𐎽	U+103BD	OLD PERSIAN SIGN RU	ru	ru
𐎾	U+103BE	OLD PERSIAN SIGN LA	l	l
𐎿	U+103BF	OLD PERSIAN SIGN SA	s	s
𐏀	U+103C0	OLD PERSIAN SIGN ZA	z	z
𐏁	U+103C1	OLD PERSIAN SIGN SHA	$	š
𐏂	U+103C2	OLD PERSIAN SIGN SSA	c,	ç
𐏃	U+103C3	OLD PERSIAN SIGN HA	h	h
𐏈	U+103C8	OLD PERSIAN SIGN AURAMAZDAA	AM	AM
𐏉	U+103C9	OLD PERSIAN SIGN AURAMAZDAA-2	AM2	AM₂
𐏊	U+103CA	OLD PERSIAN SIGN AURAMAZDAAHA	AMha	AMha
𐏋	U+103CB	OLD PERSIAN SIGN XSHAAYATHIYA	X$	XŠ
𐏌	U+103CC	OLD PERSIAN SIGN DAHYAAUSH	DH	DH
𐏍	U+103CD	OLD PERSIAN SIGN DAHYAAUSH-2	DH2	DH₂
𐏎	U+103CE	OLD PERSIAN SIGN BAGA	BG	BG
𐏏	U+103CF	OLD PERSIAN SIGN BUUMISH	BU	BU
𐏐	U+103D0	OLD PERSIAN WORD DIVIDER	:	:
𐏑	U+103D1	OLD PERSIAN NUMBER ONE	1	1
𐏒	U+103D2	OLD PERSIAN NUMBER TWO	2	2
𐏓	U+103D3	OLD PERSIAN NUMBER TEN	10	10
𐏔	U+103D4	OLD PERSIAN NUMBER TWENTY	20	20
𐏕	U+103D5	OLD PERSIAN NUMBER HUNDRED	100	100

Normalized

For transcription (normalized text) the following character repertoire is supported:

Literal	U+	Name	ASCII
abdefghijklmnpqrstuvxyz	(themselves)
ā	U+0101	LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON	=a
ē	U+0113	LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON	=e
ī	U+012B	LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH MACRON	=i
ū	U+016B	LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON	=u
ç	U+00E7	LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA	c,
č	U+010D	LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON	c'
ṛ	U+1E5B	LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH DOT BELOW	r,
š	U+0161	LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON	$
θ	U+03B8	GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA	t'

All but one uppercase transcription is the simple uppercase equivalent of the lowercase versions in the table above. The exception is uppercase SHIN, which in ASCII transcription may be obtained via the percent-sign (%).

Examples

Graphemic

%peo b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : ...h-y
$-i-y-a-t-i-m a-d-a : m-r-t-i-y-h-y-a : h-y :
x-$-a-y-r-$-a-m : x-$-a-y-t'-i-y-m : a-ku-u-n-u-$
: a-i-v-m : p-ru-u-n-a-m : x-$-a-y-t'-i-y-m

Normalized

%peo/n r,=a

=>      ṛā