Babylon – Bibliography

General Works

André-Salvini, B. (ed.) 2008. Babylone. Catalogue De L'exposition "Babylone" Paris, Musée Du Louvre. Paris: Hazan and Musée du Louvre.

Baker, H. D. 2021. Babylon. In C. R. Matthews (ed.), Oxford Bibliographies in Biblical Studies. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021-11-23. [Online publication (requires subscription) [https://doi.org/10.1093/OBO/9780195393361-0291]]

Beaulieu, P.-A. 2018. A History of Babylon, 2200 BC–AD 75. Blackwell History of the Ancient World. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell.

Cancik-Kirschbaum, E. C., Van Ess, M., and Marzahn, J. (eds). 2011. Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Dalley, S. 2021. The City of Babylon. A History, c. 2000 BC – AD 116. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Finkel, I., and Seymour, M. (eds). 2008. Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press.

Koldewey, R. 1990. Das wieder erstehende Babylon. Revised and edited by B. Hrouda. Munich: Beck.

Marzahn, J., Schauerte, G., Müller-Neuhof, B., Sternitzke, K., Wullen, M., and Strzoda, H. (eds). 2008. Babylon: Mythos & Wahrheit. 2 vols. Munich: Hirmer.

Oates, J. 1988. Babylon. London: Thames & Hudson.

Pedersén, O. 2021. Babylon. The Great City. Münster: Zaphon. [Open access publication [https://www.zaphon.de/Babylon/en]]

Radner, K. 2020. A Short History of Babylon. London: Bloomsbury.

Seymour, M. 2014. Babylon: Legend, History and the Ancient City. London: Bloomsbury.

Van de Mieroop, M. 2003. Reading Babylon. American Journal of Archaeology 107: 257–275. [View on JSTOR (requires subscription) [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40026077]]


Excavation Reports

Al-Bayati, A. 1985. The Babylonian house. Sumer 41: 71–72 (English), 113–116 (Arabic).

Al-Suba'ai, A. A. 1985. Ishtar temple and the residential quarter west of the temple. Sumer 41: 63–66 (English), 101–107 (Arabic).

Bergamini, G. 1977. Levels of Babylon reconsidered. Mesopotamia 12: 111–152.

Bergamini, G. 1988. Excavations in Shu Anna, Babylon 1987. Mesopotamia 23: 5–18.

Bergamini, G. 1990. Preliminary report on the 1988–1989 operations at Babylon, Shu-Anna. Mesopotamia 25: 5–12.

Koldewey, R. 1911. Die Tempel von Babylon und Borsippa nach den Ausgrabungen durch die Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft. WVDOG 15. Leipzig: Hinrichs.

Koldewey, R. 1914. The Excavations at Babylon. Translated by A. S. Johns. London: Macmillan.

Koldewey, R. 1918. Das Ischtar-Tor in Babylon. Ausgrabungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft in Babylon 2. WVDOG 32. Leipzig: Hinrichs.

Koldewey, R. 1931. Die Königsburgen von Babylon, I. Teil: Die Südburg. WVDOG 54. Leipzig: Hinrichs.

Koldewey, R. 1932. Die Königsburgen von Babylon, II. Teil: Die Hauptburg und der Sommerpalast Nebukadnezars im Hugel Babil. WVDOG 55: Leipzig: Hinrichs.

Reuther, O. 1926. Die Innenstadt von Babylon (Merkes). WVDOG 3. Leipzig: Hinrichs [repr. Osnabruck: Otto Zeller Verlag].

Wetzel, F. 1930. Die Stadtmauern von Babylon. WVDOG 48. Leipzig: Hinrichs.

Wetzel, F., Schmidt, E., and Mallwitz, A. 1957. Das Babylon der Spätzeit. WVDOG 62. Berlin: Gebr. Mann.

Wetzel, F., and Weissbach, F. H. 1938. Das Hauptheiligtum des Marduk in Babylon, Esagila und Etemenanki. WVDOG 59. Leipzig: Hinrichs.


Secondary Studies and Textual Studies

Allinger-Csollich, W. 2005. Die Grosse und Lage der Heiligtümer im Esagil von Babylon. In R. Rollinger (ed.), Von Sumer bis Homer: Festschrift für Manfred Schretter zum 60. Geburtstag zm 25. Februar 2004. Alter Orient und Altes Testament 325. Münster: Ugarit Verlag, pp. 7–20.

Al-Mutawalli, N. 1999. A new foundation cylinder from the temple of Nabû Ša Harê. Iraq 61: 191–94.

Al-Rawi, F. 1985. Nabopolassar's restoration work on the wall Imgur-Enlil at Babylon. Iraq 47: 1–13.

Al-Rawi, F. 1991. More royal inscriptions from Babylon. Annual Review of the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Project 9: 1–10.

Amrhein, A., Fitzgerald, C., and Knott, E. (eds) 2019. A Wonder to Behold: Craftsmanship and the Creation of Babylon's Ishtar Gate. New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World.

Baker, H. D. 2007. Urban form in the first millennium BC. In G. Leick (ed.), The Babylonian World. New York and London: Routledge, pp. 66–77.

Baker, H. D. 2008. Babylon in 484 BC: the excavated archival tablets as a source for urban history. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 98/1: 100–116.

Baker, H. D. 2008. The layout of the ziggurat temple at Babylon. Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 2008/2, no. 27. [Open access publication [http://sepoa.fr/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/2008-2.pdf]]

Baker, H. D. 2009. A waste of space? Unbuilt land in the Babylonian cities of the first millennium BC. Iraq 71: 89–98.

Baker, H. D. 2011. From street altar to palace: reading the built environment of urban Babylonia. In K. Radner and E. Robson (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Cuneiform Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 533–552.

Baker, H. D. 2011. The statue of Bēl in the Ninurta temple at Babylon. Archiv für Orientforschung 52: 117–120.

Baker, H. D. 2012. The Neo-Babylonian empire. In D. T. Potts (ed.), A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, volume 1. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 914–930.

Baker, H. D. 2019. Building Babylon: the anatomy of a monumental construction project. In A. Amrhein, C. Fitzgerald, and E. Knott (eds), A Wonder to Behold: Craftsmanship and the Creation of Babylon's Ishtar Gate. New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, pp. 55–59.

Battini, L. 1997. Les systemes défensifs a Babylone. Akkadica 104–105: 24–57.

Beaulieu, P.-A. 2005. Eanna's contribution to the construction of the North Palace at Babylon. In H. D. Baker and M. Jursa (eds), Approaching the Babylonian Economy. Proceedings of the START Project Symposium Held in Vienna, 1–3 July 2004. Alter Orient und Altes Testament 330. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, pp. 45–73.

Black, J. A. 1995. Review of George 1992, Babylonian Topographical Texts. OLA 40. Leuven. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 58: 542–543.

Boiy, T. 2004. Late Achaemenid and Hellenistic Babylon. OLA 136. Leuven: Peeters.

Charpin, D. 1985. Un quartier de Babylone et ses habitants sous les successeurs d'Hammurabi. Bibliotheca Orientalis 42: 265–278.

Charpin, D. 2011. Babylon in der altbabylonischen Zeit: Eine Haupstadt von Vielen ... die als Einzige übrig blieb. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 77–89. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Clayden, T. 1996. Kurigalzu I and the restoration of Babylonia. Iraq 58: 109–121.

Curtis, J. 2008. The site of Babylon today. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 213–222.

Curtis, J. 2011. The present condition of Babylon. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 3–17. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Dalley, S. 2013. The Mystery of the Hanging Garden of Babylon. An Elusive World Wonder Traced. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Finkel, I. 2008. Cuneiform and Biblical evidence. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 170–172.

Finkel, I. 2008. The Babylonian inheritance. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 190–202.

Finkel, I. 2008. The Genesis account. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 130–131.

Finkel, I. 2008. The search for the Hanging Gardens. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 109–111.

Finkel, I. 2008. Uncovering life at Babylon. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 81–98.

Finkel, I., and Seymour, M. J. 2008. Babylon: introduction. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 10–12.

Finkel, I., and Seymour, M. J. 2008. Daniel the seer. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 155–156.

Finkel, I. 2008. History and legend. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 102–103.

George, A. 2008. A tour of Nebuchadnezzar's Babylon. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 54–59.

George, A. 2008. Ancient descriptions: the Babylonian topographical texts. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 60–65.

George, A. R. 1985. The topography of Babylon reconsidered. Sumer 44: 7–25.

George, A. R. 1992. Babylonian Topographical Texts. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 40. Leuven: Peeters.

George, A. R. 1993. Babylon revisited: archaeology and philology in harness. Antiquity 67 (257): 734–746.

George, A. R. 1995. The bricks of Esagil. Iraq 57: 173–197.

George, A. R. 1997. "Bond of the Lands": Babylon, the cosmic capital. In G. Wilhelm (ed.), Die Orientalische Stadt: Kontinuität, Wandel, Bruch. 1. Internationales Colloquium Der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft, 9.-10. Mai 1996 in Halle/Saale. Berlin: Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft in Kommission bei SDV Saarbrücker Druckerie und Verlag, pp. 125–145.

George, A. R. 1997. Marduk and the cult of the gods of Nippur at Babylon. Orientalia 66/1: 65–70.

George, A. R. 1999. E-sangil and E-temen-anki, the archetypical cult-centre. In J. Renger (ed.), Babylon: Focus Mesopotamischer Geschichte, Wiege Früher Gelehrsamkeit, Mythos in Der Moderne. 2. Internationales Colloquium der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 24.-26. März 1998 in Berlin. CDOG 2. Saarbrücken: SDV, pp. 67–86.

George, A. R. 2005. Measurements of the interior of the E-Sagil temple. In I. Spar and W. G. Lambert, Cuneiform Texts in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, volume 2. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, pp. 267–270.

George, A. R. 2008. Akkadian turru (ṭurru B) "corner angle", and the walls of Babylon. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 98: 221–229.

George, A. 2008. The truth about Etemenanki, the ziggurat of Babylon. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 126–130.

George, A. R. 1997. The quarters of Babylon in the Astronomical Diaries. Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 1997/1, no. 19. [Open access publication [http://sepoa.fr/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/1997-1.pdf]]

Glassner, J.-J. 2011. Noch einmal: Der Turm zu Babel und die vielen Sprachen. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 295–303. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Heinsch, S., and Kuntner, W. 2011. Herodot und die Stadtmauern Babylons. Bemerkungen zur archäologischen Befundsituation der Landmauern. In R. Rollinger, B. Truschnegg, and R. Bichler (eds), Herodot und das Persische Weltreich. Herodotus and the Persian Empire. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp. 499–529.

Held, W. 2002. Die Residenzstädte der Seleukiden: Babylon, Seleukeia am Tigris, Ai Khanum, Seleukeia in Pieria, Antiocheia am Orontes. Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 117: 217–249.

Joannès, F. 1989. Un quartier fantôme de Babylonie. Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 1989/3, no. 78. [Open access publication [http://sepoa.fr/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/1989-3.pdf]]

Joannès, F. 2011. L'écriture publique du pouvoir à Babylone sous Nabuchodonosor II. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 113–120. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Katz, D. 2011. Reconstructing Babylon: recycling mythological traditions toward a new theology. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 123–134. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Kessler, K. 2006. Review of Boiy 2003, Late Achaemenid and Hellenistic Babylon. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 96/1: 278.

Kleber, K. 2009. Review of Boiy 2003, Late Achaemenid and Hellenistic Babylon. Bibliotheca Orientalis 66/1–2: 182–186.

Kuhrt, A. 2001. The palace(s) of Babylon. In I. Nielsen (ed.), The Royal Palace Institution in the First Millennium BC: Regional Development and Cultural Interchange Between East and West. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, pp. 77–94.

Lambert, W. G. 2011. Babylon: origins. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (ed.), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 71–76. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Margueron, J.-C. 2001. Aux origines du plan de Babylon. In C. Breniquet and C. Kepinski (eds), Études Mésopotamiennes. Recueil de Textes Offert a Jean-Louis Huot. Paris: Editions Recherche sur les civilisations, pp. 323–345.

Marzahn, J. 1994. The Ishtar Gate - The Processional Way - The New Year Festival of Babylon. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.

Marzahn, J. 2008. Koldewey's Babylon. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 46–53.

Miglus, P. A. 1999. Städtische Wohnarchitektur in Babylonien und Assyrien. Berlin: Von Zabern.

Miglus, P. A. 1999. Das neue Babylon der Sargoniden. In J. Renger (ed.), Babylon: Focus Mesopotamischer Geschichte, Wiege früher Gelehrsamkeit, Mythos in der Moderne. 2. Internationales Colloquium der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft, 24.-26. März 1998 in Berlin. Colloquien Der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 2. Saarbrücken: Saarbrücker Druckerei und Verlag, pp. 281–296.

Musa, M. U. 2011. The situation of the Babylon archaeological site until 2006. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 19–46. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Oelsner, J. 1980. Bestattungssitten im Hellenistischen Babylon als historische Problem. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 70/2: 246–257.

Oelsner, J. 2009. Review of Boiy 2003, Late Achaemenid and Hellenistic Babylon. Ancient East & West 8/1: 316–318.

Pedersén, O. 1999. Archive und Bibliotheken in Babylon. In J. Renger (ed.), Babylon: Focus Mesopotamischer Geschichte, Wiege früher Gelehrsamkeit, Mythos in der Moderne. 2. Internationales Colloquium Der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft, 24.-26. März in Berlin. Colloquien Der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 2. Saarbrücken: SDV Saarbrücker Druckerei und Verlag, pp. 307–321.

Pedersén, O. 2005. Archive und Bibliotheken in Babylon. Die Tontafeln der Grabung Robert Koldeweys 1899–1917. Abhandlugen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 25. Berlin: Saarbrücker Druckerei und Verlag.

Pedersén, O. 2011. Excavated and unexcavated libraries in Babylon. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 47–67. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Pongratz-Leisten, B. 2019. "Ishtar Overthrows Its Assailants": The protective forces of Babylon's Ishtar Gate. In A. Amrhein, C. Fitzgerald, and E. Knott (eds), A Wonder to Behold: Craftsmanship and the Creation of Babylon's Ishtar Gate. New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, pp. 135–143.

Potts, D. T. 2011. The politai and the bit tamartu: The Seleucid and Parthian theatres of the Greek citizens of Babylon. In E. Cancik-Kirschbaum, M. Van Ess, and J. Marzahn (eds), Babylon: Wissenskultur in Orient und Okzident. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 239–251. [Open access publication [https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110222128]]

Reade, J. 2000. Alexander the Great and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Iraq 62: 195–217.

Reade, J. 2008. Disappearance and rediscovery. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 13–32.

Reade, J. 2008. Early travellers on the Wonders: suggested sites. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 112–117.

Reade, J. 2008. Tablets at Babylon and the British Museum. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 74–80.

Reade, J. 2008. The city: nineteenth century exploration and interpretation. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 34–39.

Reade, J. 2008. The search for the ziggurat. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 124–126.

Seymour, M. J. 2008. Representations in art. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 173–178.

Seymour, M. J. 2008. The Tower of Babel in art. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 132–141.

Seymour, M. J. 2008. Cultural reception and art. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 157–160.

Seymour, M. J. 2008. The artistic legacy: Blake's Nebuchadnezzar. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 166–169.

Seymour, M. J. 2008. Babylon in contemporary art and culture. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 203–212.

Seymour, M. 2008. Babylon in the Book of Revelation. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 179–180.

Seymour, M. 2008. Classical accounts. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 104–109.

Seymour, M. 2008. Representing the Babylon of Revelation in art and culture. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 180–188.

Seymour, M. 2008. The Babylonian captivity in art and culture. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 150–154.

Seymour, M. 2008. The Hanging Gardens and walls of Babylon in art and culture. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 118–123.

Sternitzke, K. 2020. Babylon in the second millennium BCE: New insights on the transitions from Old Babylonian to Kassite and Isin II Periods. In S. Paulus and T. Clayden (eds), Babylonia under the Sealand and Kassite Dynasties. Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Records 23. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 125–145.

Streck, M. P. 2002. Der Wiederaufbau Babylons unter Asarhaddon und Assurbanipal in Briefen aus Nineve. Altorientalische Forschung 29/2: 205–233.

Taylor, J. 2008. Babylon, Jerusalem and the Jewish exile. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 142–149.

Taylor, J. 2008. Neo-Babylonian kings at Babylon. In I. Finkel and M. J. Seymour (eds), Babylon: Myth and Reality. London: British Museum Press, pp. 66–73.

Thavapalan, S. 2019. Color and affect in Nebuchadnezzar II's Babylon. In A. Amrhein, C. Fitzgerald, and E. Knott (eds), A Wonder to Behold: Craftsmanship and the Creation of Babylon's Ishtar Gate. New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, pp. 127–133.

Unger, E. 1931. Babylon: Die heilige Stadt nach der Beschreibung der Babylonier. Berlin and Leipzig: De Gruyter. [Open access publication [http://digital.library.stonybrook.edu/cdm/ref/collection/amar/id/81125]]

Van de Mieroop, M. 2004. A tale of two cities: Nineveh and Babylon. Iraq 66: 1–5.

van der Spek, R. J. 1987. The Babylonian city. In A. Kuhrt and S. Sherwin-White (eds), Hellenism in the East: The Interaction of Greek and Non-Greek Civilisations from Syria to Central Asia after Alexander. London: Duckworth & Co. Ltd., pp. 57–74.

van der Spek, R. J. 2001. The theatre of Babylon in cuneiform. In W. H. van Soldt (ed.), Veenhof Anniversary Volume. Studies Presented to Klaas R. Veenhof on the Occasion of His Sixty-Fifth Birthday. Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut in het Nabije Oosten, pp. 445–456.

Wiseman, D. J. 1985. Nebuchadrezzar and Babylon. The Schweich Lectures of the British Academy, 1983. Oxford: The British Academy.

09 Dec 2021

Keira Reilly

Keira Reilly, 'Babylon – Bibliography', BabCity: Corpus of Babylonian Texts Concerning the Urban Landscape, BabCity, 2021 [http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/BabCity/BibliographybySite/Babylon/]

 
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